Fig. 1. Effect of fermented mixture of bean dregs and wheat bran (FBW) supplementation on average qualitative fecal scores (A), grade of constipation (B) of sows during lactation.

Score 0 = absence of feces, 1 = dry and pellet-shaped, 2 = between dry and normal, 3 = normal and soft, but firm and well-formed, 4 = between normal and wet, still formed but not firm and 5 = very wet feces, unformed and liquid. Classification of the grade of constipation: mild (no feces for two consecutive days), severe (no feces for three or four consecutive days), and extremely severe (no feces for more than five consecutive days). Values are means ± SEM. The asterisk indicates the degree of significance compared to control group (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).