Table 1.
Echocardiographic (conventional) parameters normalized to BW or BW1/3. Values are mean ± standard deviation.
| Ages | Females |
Males |
Both sexes |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 m.o. | 6 m.o. | 12 m.o. | 18 m.o. | 3 m.o. | 6 m.o. | 12 m.o. | 18 m.o. | 3 m.o. | 6 m.o. | 12 m.o. | 18 m.o. | |
| Body weight (g) | 20 ± 2 | 28 ± 3 | 32 ± 5* | 45 ± 10* | 26 ± 4 | 32 ± 6 | 48 ± 7*^ | 39 ± 8*# | 23 ± 4 | 30 ± 5* | 39 ± 10*^ | 42 ± 9*^ |
| LV Mass wet weight (mg) | 83 ± 19 | 97 ± 7.0 | 115 ± 22* | 103 ± 13 | 91 ± 9 | 113 ± 17 | 123 ± 24* | 110 ± 17 | 87 ± 15 | 105 ± 15* | 118 ± 23* | 107 ± 15* |
| Heart Rate (BPM) | 411 ± 20 | 419 ± 33 | 419 ± 27 | 448 ± 42 | 407 ± 9 | 421 ± 22 | 436 ± 23 | 471 ± 91 | 409 ± 15 | 420 ± 27 | 426 ± 26 | 460 ± 71 |
| EDV (μl)/ BW | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.3^# | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.5* | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4& |
| ESV (μl)/ BW | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.1# | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.4 ± 0.2& | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.4 ± 0.2& |
| SV (μL)/BW | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2* | 0.7 ± 0.3* | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.3* | 0.7 ± 0.3* |
| EF (%, normalized volumes) | 64 ± 5.0 | 49 ± 5.0 | 52 ± 15 | 59 ± 10.0 | 59 ± 3.0 | 53 ± 6.0 | 52 ± 6.0 | 66 ± 8.0^# | 61 ± 5.0 | 51 ± 6.0* | 52 ± 12.0 | 62 ± 9^# |
| LVAWd/BW1/3 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 |
| LVAWs/BW1/3 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| LVIDd (mm)/BW1/3 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1# | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2& | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2& |
| LVIDs (mm)/BW1/3 | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.1^# | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.2& | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.2& |
| LVPWd (mm)/BW1/3 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.1 |
| LVPWs (mm)/BW1/3 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1# |
| FS (%, normalized dimensions) | 41 ± 4.0 | 25 ± 5.0* | 30 ± 8.0* | 36 ± 9.0 | 35 ± 7.0 | 33 ± 10.0 | 26 ± 6.0 | 43 ± 13.0# | 38 ± 6.0 | 29 ± 9.0 | 28 ± 8.0* | 40 ± 12.0^# |
| Cardiac output (mL/min)/BW | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 1.4& | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 1.7& |
*
p < .05 versus 3 m.o.,
^
p < .05 versus 6 m.o.,
#
p < .05 versus 12 m.o.,
&
p < .05 versus all other age groups.