Table 5.
Change of health outcomes from baseline to follow-up
| Total (n = 304) | PCS yes (n = 210) | PCS no (n = 94) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| p-value1 | Effect size r | p-value1 | Effect size r | p-value1 | Effect size r | |||||||
| Postraumatic stress (IES-R ) | ||||||||||||
| Median (IQR) | -0.13 | (-0.73;0.17) | < 0.0001 | 0.22 | -0.13 | (-0.75; 0.31) | 0.0016 | 0.20 | -0.14 | (-0.63; 0.01) | < 0.0001 | 0.29 |
| Mean (SD) | -0.25 | (1.01) | -0.23 | (1.08) | -0.30 | (0.83) | ||||||
| Depressiveness (PHQ-9) | ||||||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.0 | (-2.0; 2.0) | 0.9102 | < 0.01 | 0 | (-2; 2) | 0.3796 | 0.05 | 0 | (-1; 1) | 0.0514 | 0.11 |
| Mean (SD) | 0.05 | (3.22) | 0.31 | (3.60) | -0.50 | (2.07) | ||||||
| Fatigue (FAS) | ||||||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 0 | (-3; 4) | 0.2472 | 0.06 | 1 | (-3; 5) | 0.0860 | 0.11 | 0 | (-3; 1) | 0.3018 | 0.08 |
| Mean (SD) | 0.45 | (6.24) | 0.77 | (7.09) | -0.26 | (3.65) | ||||||
| Physical HRQOL (VR-12) | ||||||||||||
| Median (IQR) | -0.75 | -4.18; 3.10 | 0.1165 | 0.09 | -0.82 | (-4.57; 4.12) | 0.3890 | 0.06 | -0.60 | (-3.23; 1.49) | 0.0839 | 0.15 |
| Mean (SD) | -0.59 | (7.26) | -0.42 | (7.90) | -0.96 | (5.59) | ||||||
| Mental HRQOL (VR-12 ) | ||||||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 1.23 | (-3.55; 6.76) | 0.0006 | 0.19 | 1.28 | (-5.62; 7.72) | 0.0407 | 0.14 | 0.87 | (-0.90; 4.74) | 0.0004 | 0.30 |
| Mean (SD) | 1.53 | (8.95) | 1.20 | (10.12) | 2.27 | (5.48) | ||||||
PCS: Post Covid-19 syndrome; IES-R: Revised Impact of Event Scale; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire; FAS: Fatigue Assessment Scale; VR-12: Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey
1 Wilcoxon test