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. 2023 May 31;31(2):235–253. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2023.2192257

Table 1.

Sociodemographic and criminal justice characteristics of participants across the 2003, 2009 and 2015 YPICHS samples.


Sociodemographic characteristics
Total
N = 800
2003
N = 242
2009
N = 331
2015
N = 227
χ2 (df) p
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Gender            
 Male 720 (90.1) 223 (92.1) 290 (87.6) 207 (91.6) 4.00 (2) .14
 Female 79 (9.9)a 19 (7.9) 41 (12.4) 19 (8.4)n    
Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status 386 (48.3) 101 (41.7) 160 (48.3) 125 (55.1) 8.34 (2) .02
Age group            
 13–15 years 182 (22.8) 44 (18.2) 86 (26.0) 52 (22.9) 4.84 (2) .09
 16–21 years 618 (77.3) 198 (81.8) 245 (74.0) 175 (77.1)    
Born outside Australia 91 (11.7)b 36 (14.9) 36 (11.5)j 19 (8.4) 4.82 (2) .09
English mainly spoken at home 663 (85.0)c 194 (80.2) 267 (85.6)j 202 (89.4)n 7.92 (2) .02
Not going to school prior to custody (6 months) 543 (71.1)d 185 (81.5)g 193 (62.1)k 165 (73.0)n 24.71 (2) < .001
Parent(s) ever in prison 356 (48.3)e 97 (42.9)h 139 (44.6)l 120 (53.6)o 8.87 (2) .01
Ever placed in care (prior to age 16) 197 (25.8)d 64 (28.4)i 85 (27.2)j 48 (21.1) 3.73 (2) .16
Criminal justice characteristics
Legal status         1.46 (1) .23
 Remand   Not reported 182 (55.0) 113 (49.8)    
 Sentenced   Not reported 149 (45.0) 114 (50.2)    
First time in custody 586 (73.3)c 67 (27.7) 75 (22.7) 38 (16.7) 8.06 (2) .02
Violent offence 568 (71.4)f 151 (62.4) 248 (75.8)m 169 (74.4) 13.79 (2) <.01

Note: YPICHS = Young People in Custody Health Survey.

aData from 799 participants.bData from 781 participants.cData from 780 participants.dData from 764 participants.eData from 737 participants.fData from 796 participants.gData from 227 participants.hData from 226 participants.iData from 225 participants.jData from 312 participants.kData from 311 participants.lData from 299 participants.mData from 327 participants.nData from 226 participants.oData from 224 participants.

Bolded = p significant at the < .05 level.