Figure 3.

Associations of acetaminophen use during pregnancy and ADHD Problems scores on the CBCL at 2 (left panel), 3 (middle panel), and 4 years of age (right panel).^a Per unit increase in prenatal acetaminophen exposure during the second trimester (i.e., report of number of times taking acetaminophen), children had a 0.010-point increase (95% CI: 0.002, 0.019) in ADHD Problems scores at age 2. Increasing use throughout pregnancy was also associated with an increase in scores (β=0.004, 95% CI: −0.001, 0.009) at 2 years of age. Similarly, more acetaminophen use during the second trimester (β=0.013, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.021) and throughout pregnancy (β=0.006, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.010) were related to higher ADHD Problems scores at age 3. While the trend was present at 46-48 months as well, neither was p <0.10.

^aAll models were adjusted for child sex, age at assessment, and gestational age, maternal age, maternal parity (nulliparous vs. ≥1), maternal education (<bachelor’s degree vs. ≥bachelor’s degree), mean perceived stress score during pregnancy, mean Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score during pregnancy, and indication (N/A, pain, other, or multiple).

# p < 0.10, *p < 0.05