Table 1.
Components | Microorganism | Health functional properties | References |
---|---|---|---|
Dopamine | Lactobacillus reuteri ATG-F4 | Increase of cytokine IL-10 and serum dopamine level (AD) | [66] |
Dopamine | Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 | Reduction of motor dyskinesia and neurol apoptosis (PD) | [69] |
Dopamine |
Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum LP28 |
Protection of dopamine-releasing neurons Decrease of motor dysfunctions |
[71] |
GABA |
Lactobacillus sp., Bifidobacterium sp. |
Reduction of anxiety and depression (anxiety and depression) | [53] |
GABA | Lactobacillus rhamnosus JB-1 | Alleviation of anxiety and depression by decreasing corticosterone (anxiety and depression) | [8] |
GABA | Lactobacillus rhamnosus YS9 | Control nerve | [57] |
Histamine |
Lactobacillus sp., Lactococcus sp., Enterococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Escherichia sp. |
Regulation of emotions Regulation of sleep and cognitive function (cognition) | [53] |
Metabolites | Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343 | Reduction of autistic behavior (AD) | [49] |
Metabolites | Bifidobacterium breve A1 | Reduction of neuroinflammation (AD) | [67] |
SCFA |
Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bacterioides fragilis |
Regulation of anti-inflammatory pathways (AD) | [53] |
Serotonin |
Lactobacillus sp. Lactococcus sp., Enterococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Escherichia sp. |
Regulation of emotions, sleep, and cognitive function (anxiety and depression, cognition) | [53] |
GABA, gamma-amino butyric acid; SCFAs, short-chain fatty acids; AD, Alzheimer's disease; PD, Parkinson’s disease.