Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of recruited patients
| Characteristics | Phase 1 (n = 108) | Phase 2 (n = 48) |
|---|---|---|
| Adult/Paediatric | 69/39 (63.9/36.1) | 25/23 (52.1/47.9) |
| Male sex | 70 (64.8) | 36 (75) |
| APACHE III (adults) | 65 (50–77) | 65 (51.5–76.3) |
| PELOD 2 (children) | 4 (2–9) | 7 (4–10) |
| pSOFA (children) | 6 (4–9) | 8 (5–10) |
| Number receiving vasoactive medications | 47 (43.5) | 28 (58.3) |
| Vasoactive Inotropic score | 12 (8–18) | 8 (12–24) |
| Site of Infection | ||
| Lung | 38 (35.2) | 15 (31.3) |
| CNS | 4 (3.7) | 2 (4.2) |
| Intra-abdominal | 3 (2.8) | 0 (0) |
| Primary bloodstream | 5 (4.6) | 2 (4.2) |
| Skin and soft tissue | 10 (9.3) | 5 (10.4) |
| Urinary tract | 7 (6.5) | 2 (4.2) |
| Other | 15 (13.9) | 3 (6.3) |
| Source not apparent | 26 (24.1) | 19 (39.6) |
| Organisms in positive bacterial blood cultures | 36 (33.3) | 12 (25) |
| Escherichia coli | 7 | 2 |
| Enterobacter species | 6 | 0 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin sensitive) | 5 | 1 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin resistant) | 1 | 1 |
| Other Staphylococcus species | 2 | 0 |
| Streptococcus species | 5 | 3 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 3 | 0 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 3 | 1 |
| Other | 4b | 4c |
| Study Druga | Total = 123 | Total = 52 |
|---|---|---|
| Piperacillin–Tazobactam | 59 (48) | 22 (42.3) |
| Meropenem | 26 (21.1) | 6 (11.5) |
| Cefotaxime | 15 (12.2) | 14 (26.9) |
| Vancomycin | 18 (14.6) | 9 (17.3) |
| Flucloxacillin | 5 (4) | 1 (1.9) |
| Ceftazidime | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (adults only), CNS central nervous system, MRSA methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, PELOD Paediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (children only), pSOFA pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. Results are presented as median (interquartile range) or number (percentage). aSome patients were prescribed 2 study antibiotics on enrolment. bAeromonas hydrophilia, Bacillus cereus, Prevotella spp., Proteus mirabilis cHaemophilus influenzae, Candida albicans, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus faecalis