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. 2024 Jan 25;47(5):439–451. doi: 10.1007/s40264-023-01392-3

Table 2.

Pharmacokinetic studies with GLP1 receptor agonists and warfarin

AUC (h·ng/mL)a Cmax (ng/mL)a tmax (h) INRAUCa INRmaxa

Exenatide 10 mcg BID

Soon et al. [25]

S: 1.06 (1.01, 1.11)

R: 1.11 (1.06, 1.17)

S: 0.97 (0.93, 1.01)

R: 1.05 (1.00, 1.09)

S:

W 4 (3–6)

W+GLP 6 (4–12)

R:

W 5 (3–12)

W+GLP 6 (5–12)

0.94 (0.93, 0.96) 0.88 (0.84, 0.92)

Lixisenatide 20 mcg

Liu [31]

S: 1.03 (0.87, 1.22) S: 0.81 (0.68, 0.96)

S:

W 1 h

W+GLP 8 h

No effect No effect

Albiglutide 50 mg

Bush et al. [14]

S: 0.99 (0.95, 1.03)

R: 1.02 (0.98, 1.07)

S: 0.93 (0.87, 0.98)

R: 0.94 (0.89, 0.99)

S:

W 1 h

W+GLP 1.5 h

R:

W 1 h

W+GLP 1.5 h

No effect No effect

Dulaglutide 1.5 mg

de la Peña et al. [15]

S: 0.986 (0.959, 1.01)

R: 0.989 (0.958, 1.02)

S: 0.783 (0.737, 0.833)

R: 0.857 (0.817, 0.900)

S:

W 2 (1–4)

W+GLP 4 (1–24)

R:

W 2 (1–4)

W+GLP 8 (2–24)

1.02 (1.01, 1.03) 1.02 (0.977, 1.07)

Semaglutide 1 mg

Hausner et al. [16]

S: 1.05 (0.99, 1.11)

R: 1.04 (0.98, 1.10)

S: 0.91 (0.85, 0.98)

R: 0.93 (0.87, 1.00)

S+R:

W1 h

W+GLP 3 h

1.05 (0.87, 1.28) 1.04 (0.99, 1.10)

BID twice daily, Cmax maximum observed plasma concentration, GLP1 glucagon-like peptide 1, INR international normalized ratio, INRmax maximum observed level, R R-warfarin, S S-warfarin, tmax time to maximum observed plasma concentration, W warfarin, W+GLP warfarin administered with a GLP1 receptor agonist

aData are presented as the ratio of the least squares geometric mean (warfarin+GLP1 receptor agonist / warfarin) with a 90% confidence interval for the ratio. The 0.8–1.25 limits are considered for equivalence