Table 2.
Neuropsychiatric evaluations of TS and ASD participants.
| Measures | ASD (n=82) | TS (n=92) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| IQ | |||
| TIQ | 86.1 (± 21.4) | 93.6 (± 18.2) | 0.00695 |
| VIQ | 87 (± 23.1) | 95 (± 19.1) | 0.0063 |
| PIQ | 88.1 (± 21.4) | 94.1 (± 17.2) | 0.0207 |
| YGTSS | |||
| Total | 3.7 (± 4.9) | 17.4 (± 9.4) | <0.00001 |
| Motor | 2.9 (± 3.7) | 10.8 (± 5.4) | <0.00001 |
| Phonic | 0.8 (± 2.2) | 6.4 (± 5.4) | <0.00001 |
| CY-BOCS | |||
| Total | 9.1 (± 5.8) | 13.9 (± 8.4) | <0.00001 |
| Obsessions | 4.9 (± 3.3) | 7.2 (± 4.4) | 0.0001 |
| Compulsions | 4.1 (± 2.9) | 6.7 (± 4.8) | 0.000015 |
| CPRS | |||
| Total | 30.7 (± 16.4) | 27.1 (± 20.4) | 0.1054 |
| Oppositional problems | 6.1 (± 3.6) | 6.6 (± 5.2) | 0.2441 |
| Cognitive Problems/Inattentive | 6.2 (± 4.4) | 5.7 (± 4.96) | 0.2461 |
| Hyperactivity-Impulsivity | 4.6 (± 3.8) | 5.8 (± 8.5) | 0.1186 |
| ADHD index | 4.1 (± 2.9) | 9.75 (± 8.7) | 0.0018 |
| CDI | 10.1 (± 6.4) | 9.4 (± 7.1) | 0.246 |
| MASC | |||
| Total | 44.4 (± 13.4) | 42.2 (± 14.0) | 0.141 |
| Physical symptoms | 11.7 (± 4.97) | 11.6 (± 5.3) | 0.4795 |
| Harm avoidance | 14.66 (± 4.5) | 13.9 (± 5.96) | 0.186 |
| Separation anxiety/phobias | 10.0 (± 4.95) | 10.2 (± 5.6) | 0.3775 |
| CBCL | |||
| Total | 46.8 (± 20.5) | 38.9 (± 24.5) | 0.0112 |
| Internalizing problems | 13.7 (± 6.6) | 11.3 (± 9.6) | 0.0327 |
| Externalizing problems | 16.26 (± 9.9) | 16.05 (± 12.6) | 0.4537 |
| ADOS | |||
| Social affect (SA) | 7.7 (± 2.3) | 0.02 (± 0.1) | <0.00001 |
| Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRB) | 3.0 (± 1.7) | 1.5 (± 1.2) | <0.00001 |
| SA + RRB | 10.7 (± 4.0) | 1.52 (± 1.3) | <0.00001 |
ASD, Autism Spectrum Disorder; TS, Tourette Syndrome; IQ, Intelligence quotient; TIQ, Total Intelligence quotient; VIQ, Verbal Intelligence quotient; PIQ, Performance Intelligence Quotient; YGTSS, Yale Global Tic Severity Rating Scale; CY-BOCS, Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale for Children; CPRS, Conners’ Parent Rating Scale; ADHD, Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; CDI, Child Depression Inventory; MASC, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children; CBCL, Child Behaviour Checklist; ADOS, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; SA, Social affect; RRB, Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors. p-values refer to Student’s t tests conducted to compare rating scale between ASD and TS groups (summarized by means and SD).