Table 3.
Different studies about omega-3 benefits in human health.
Disease type | Study | Results | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Cardiovascular: stroke | Prospective cohort study Men: 43,671 Age: 40–79 years Duration: 12 years |
Eating fish (n−3 PUFAs) once per month or more can reduce the risk of ischemic stroke in men | (90) |
Cardiovascular: stroke | Prospective cohort study Women: 79,839 Age: 34–59 years Duration: 14 years |
Eating fish (n−3 PUFAs) 2 or more times per week can reduce risk of thrombotic infarction in women | (91) |
Cardiovascular and metabolic: all cancer, CVD, ischemic heart disease, ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, and diabetes | Prospective cohort study Men: 61,127 Age: 40–74 years Duration: 12 years |
Reductions of risk of total, ischemic stroke, and diabetes were 16, 37, and 39%, respectively when fish consumption is high | (92) |
Prospective cohort study Women: 73,159 Age: 40–70 years Duration: 12 years | |||
Obesity and overweight | Cross-sectional study People: 124 Average age: 49 Duration: not determined |
There is an inverse correlation between n−3 PUFA and BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference | (93) |
Metabolic: type 2 diabetes | Prospective cohort study People: men (51,963) and women (64,193) Age: 40–74 (men), 40–70 (women) Duration: 12 years |
There is an inverse relation between fish intake and type 2 diabetes in women. There is not a detrimental effect of fish intake in the population | (94) |
Metabolic: prostate cancer | Prospective cohort study People: men (14,916) Age: 40–84 Duration: 13 years |
n−3 PUFAs consumption can reduce the risk of prostate cancer | (95) |
Cardiovascular, metabolic and obesity: body weight, cholesterol levels, inflammation | Study People: men (34) Age: 25–65 Duration: 4 weeks |
n−3 PUFAs supplementation did not lead to a significant reduction in body weight and body fat of patients. n−3 PUFAs supplementation reduced triglycerides and insulin levels of patients. n−3 PUFAs supplementation reduced inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) in the patients |
(96) |