Chart 1. Quantitative evolutionary changes in the anatomy of the human brain that resulted in its uniqueness.

Absolute increase in brain size and in the number of neurons in the cerebral cortex; Anatomical and functional asymmetry; Expansion of the cerebral cortex in the association areas; More diversified cytoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex, with hemispheric asymmetry; Appearance of refined* and new+ cognitive and behavioral aspects: Reduction in reactive aggressiveness* Communication and cooperation for hunting, defense, and tool use* Symbolic articulated language+ Formation of larger social groups and creation of artifacts, trade, art, science, philosophy and religion, allowing for cumulative cultural evolution+ Examples of shared intentionality (collective work or activity performed jointly by a group of individuals): sports teams, musicians of an orchestra, production of an opera, production of a film with actors, a military or samba school parade.