Protection against normally lethal CVB3 challenge induced by DNA vaccination. BALB/c mice were immunized with two injections of plasmid DNA encoding either CVB3 VP1, VP4 and VP2, VP3 and VP1, or VP4 through VP1; with two injections of a control plasmid, pCMV; or with PBS alone. Four weeks after the second inoculation, mice were challenged with 5 LD50s of CVB3 i.p. The percentage of animals surviving is shown over a period of 28 days. The results presented summarize data from three independent experiments, using at least three to four mice in each group.