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. 2024 Apr 12;17:1491–1506. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S457308

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© 2024 Xiong et al.

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Schematic illustration of the molecular mechanism of MTB antibiotic resistance. There are four ways to show the molecular mechanism: cell wall permeability, efflux pump function, cell metabolism (trehalose cycle), and resistance mutations (taking the inhA gene for example). MA-AG-PG: mycolic acid–arabinogalactan–peptidoglycan; AG: arabinogalactan; TMM: trehalose monomycolate; TDM: trehalose dimycolate; Ag85: mycolyltransferase antigen 85; MmpL3: Mammalian membrane protein large 3; LpqY-SugABC: The type I ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter; ACP: enoyl-acyl carrier protein; FAS II cycle: fatty acid synthase II cycle systems; MabA, KasA/B, HadAB/BC, InhA: four enzymes of the FAS-II cycle.