Figure 2.

Schematic diagram of MTB drug resistance mechanism. Four major modes of anti-MTB drug mechanism, as follows: work on cell wall proteins (isoniazid, ethambutol, bedaquiline, delamanid, and clofazimine); work on DNA replication machinery (fluoroquinolones); work on translational machinery (streptomycin, capreomycin, linezolid) and work on metabolic pathways (pyrazinamide and cycloserine). InhA, KasA, EmbABC: the target protein on the cell wall to corresponding antibiotics.

Note: Reprinted from Life Sciences, 274, Aditi Chauhan, Manoj Kumar, Awanish Kumar, Kajal Kanchan, Comprehensive review on mechanism of action, resistance and evolution of antimycobacterialdrugs, 119301, Copyright 2021, with permission from Elsevier.²⁵