Localization of LdTOPIA.A, microscopic images of L. donovani DD8 transfected with pXG-GFP, pXG-GFP-LdTOPIA and pXG-GFP-LdTOPIAΔNLS. Brightfield; GFP: Green fluorescence of GFP or GFP fusion proteins. The parasites were counterstained with DRAQ5 to stain the nucleus and kinetoplast. Scale bar: 5 μm. B, immunoblotting of 30 μg cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts prepared from pXG-GFP, pXG-GFP-LdTOPIA, and pXG-GFP-LdTOPIAΔNLS transfected L. donovani DD8 parasites using anti-LdTOPIA and anti-GFP antibodies. Anti-GAPDH and anti-Histone H3 were used as cytoplasmic and nucleus-specific loading controls, respectively.