LdTOPIA can functionally complement the RFM475 (E. coli TOPIA null GyrB ts) strain.A-C, To LB media agar plates containing ampicillin, the following strains RFM475 transformed with pBAD24, pBAD24-LdTOPIA were streaked and grown at non-permissible temperature 30 °C for 36 h. D, SDS-PAGE (10%) analysis of purified LdTOPIA and its deletion mutants stained with Coomassie G-250. E, plasmid relaxation assay using 10 nM of each purified protein LdTOPIA, LdTOPIAΔNLS, LdTOPIA1-684, LdTOPIA1-640 at 37 °C.