Table 2.

The impact of FAP on antioxidant markers following intervention.

	Superoxide dismutase (IU/mg protein) $\pm$ SD	Catalase (IU/mg protein) $\pm$ SD	Glutathione (nmol/mg protein) $\pm$ SD
Normal group	19.6 $\pm$ 2.5	4.8 $\pm$ 1.3	25.6 $\pm$ 1.5
Diabetic retinopathy (DR)	9.9 $\pm$ 1.5	1.7 $\pm$ 0.3	14.4 $\pm$ 2.6
DR + FAP 10 mg/kg BW	10.2 $\pm$ 1.8 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^b$	1.9 $\pm$ 0.9 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^b$	15.1 $\pm$ 1.7 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^b$
DR + FAP 20 mg/kg BW	14.8 $\pm$ 1.6 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^{ab}$	2.8 $\pm$ 0.5 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^{ab}$	18.9 $\pm$ 0.5 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^{ab}$
DR + FAP 40 mg/kg BW	17.8 $\pm$ 1.3 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^{ab}$	3.6 $\pm$ 0.8 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^{ab}$	20.7 $\pm$ 0.7 ${\hspace{0.17em}}^{ab}$
${\hspace{0.17em}}^a$ P $<$ 0.05 in contrast to diabetic retinopathy group; ${\hspace{0.17em}}^b$ P $<$ 0.05 in contrast to normal group. DR, diabetic retinopathy; FAP, A. paniculata flavonoid compound; SD, standard deviation BW, body weight