Table 1.

Percentage of people with low level of education, unemployment, rental housing and single parenting and house crowding index in the provinces of Vicenza, Padua and Verona (northern Italy) as a whole and in the 30 municipalities of the perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-contaminated Red area. 2011 census

	Low level of education (%)	Unemployement (%)	Rental housing (%)	Single parenting (%)	House crowding index
Three provinces	30.41	5.90	11.17	9.59	2.21
Red area	32.63	6.14	11.21	9.97	2.07

The Red area includes the municipalities connected to the contaminated aqueduct. Low level of education is expressed as a percentage of people with elementary school education or less out of the total population aged 6 years or more. Unemployment is expressed as a percentage of the total labor force. Rental housing is expressed as a percentage of the total occupied housing units. Single parenting is expressed as the percentage of mothers or fathers who live with a child or children and no husband, wife, or partner out of the total families. House crowding index is expressed as the number of people per 100 square meters in occupied houses. Source: Osservatorio Nazionale sulla Salute nelle Regioni Italiane. Rapporto Osservasalute 2009 (https://osservatoriosullasalute.it/osservasalute/rapporto-osservasalute-2009. Accessed 14 Feb 2024)