TABLE 1.

PXR-modulating chemicals

		Chemical IDs	Activator/Repressor	Species	Reference
Exogenous molecules	Drugs	Rifampicin	Activator and ligand	Human	(Blumberg et al., 1998; Li and Chiang, 2005; Li and Chiang, 2006)
		RU486	Activator	Human	(Banerjee et al., 2015; Kliewer, 2015;
		Etomidoline	Activator	Human	Lynch et al., 2021)
		Clotrimazole	Activator	Human, weak  activatorin rodent	(Jones et al., 2000; Lehmann et al., 1998; Banerjee et al., 2015; Kliewer, 2015)
		Colfibrate	Activator and ligand	Rat	(Daujat-Chavanieu and Gerbal-Chaloin, 2020)
		Phenobarbital	Activator	Human	(Li et al., 2019; Tamasi et al., 2009)
		Dexamethasone	Activator	Human androdent	(Pascussi et al., 2001; Yueh et al., 2005; Pascussi et al., 2000; Shi et al., 2010)
		Cyclophosphamide (CPA)	Activator	Human	(Lindley et al., 2002; Zhuo et al., 2014)
		Ritanovir	Activator	Human	(Chang and Waxman, 2006; Shehu et al., 2019; Brewer and Chen, 2016)
		Paclitaxel	Activator	Human	(Kostrubsky et al., 1998)
		Felodipine	Activator	Human	(Dybdahl et al., 2012; Pinne et al., 2016)
		Nifedipine	Activator	Human	(Bertilsson et al., 1998; Chang and Waxman, 2006; Lynch et al., 2021)
		Bendipine	Activator	Human	(Bertilsson et al., 1998; Chang and Waxman, 2006; Lynch et al., 2021)
		Carbamazepine	Activator	Human	(El-Sankary et al., 2001; Luo et al., 2002)
		Bosentan	Activator	Human	(van Giersbergen et al., 2002)
		Mevastatin	Activator	Human	(Raucy et al., 2002)
		Tamoxifen	Activator	Human	(Desai et al., 2002; Zhuo et al., 2014)
		Topotecan	Activator	Human	(Schuetz et al., 2002)
		Lacidipine	Activator	Human	(Bertilsson et al., 1998; Chang and Waxman, 2006; Lynch et al., 2021)
		Resveratrol	Inhibitor	Human	(Smutny and Pavek, 2014), (Deng et al., 2014)
		Ketoconazole	Inhibitor	Human	(Mani et al., 2013; Huang et al., 2007)
Exogenous molecules	Drugs	ET-743	Inhibitor	Human	(Synold et al., 2001)
		SPA70	Inhibitor	Human	(Lin et al., 2017)
	Phytochemicals	St. John’s wort (hyperforin)	Activator	Human	(Watkins et al., 2003; Kliewer, 2015)
		Forskolin	Activator	Human, mouse	(Seamon et al., 1981; Ding and Staudinger, 2005a)
		Guggulsterones	Activator	Human, mouse	(Chang and Waxman, 2006; Brobst et al., 2004; Ding and Staudinger, 2005b)
		Artemisinin	Activator	Human	(Burk et al., 2005)
		Kava extract	Activator	Human	(Raucy, 2003), (Ma et al., 2004)
		Coumestrol	Repressor	Human and humanized mouse	(Wang et al., 2008)
		Sulforaphane	Repressor	Human	(Zhou et al., 2007)
		Schiandrol B (SolB)	Activator	Human	(Zeng et al., 2017)
	Environmental chemicals	Bisphenol A (BPA)	Activator	Human	(Sui et al., 2012; Barrett, 2012)
		PBDEs	Activator	Human, rodents	(Pacyniak et al., 2007; Sueyoshi et al., 2014)
		PCBs	Activator	Human, rodents	(Egusquiza et al., 2020; Wahlang et al., 2014; Jacobs et al., 2005)
		PFOA	Activator	Rodents	(Bjork et al., 2011; Ren et al., 2009)
		PFOS	Activator	Human, rodents	(Bjork et al., 2011; Ren et al., 2009)
		Phthalate monoesters	Activator	Human, rodents	(Hurst and Waxman, 2004; Cooper et al., 2008)
		Metal ions (Pb+, Ag+), As	Activator	Zebrafish, humanized mouse	(Liu et al., 2019; Medina-Diaz et al., 2009)
		Uranium	Activator	Rat	(Souidi et al., 2005)
Exogenous molecules	Pesticides	Chlordane (trans-nonachlor)	Activator	Human	(Jacobs et al., 2005)
		Alachlor	Activator	Human, rat	(Mikamo et al., 2003; Lemaire et al., 2006)
		Nonylphenol	Activator	Fish	(Meucci and Arukwe, 2006)
		Cis-bifenthrin	Activator	Human	(Xiang et al., 2018)
		DDT	Activator	Human, mouse	(Lemaire et al., 2004)
		Dieldrin	Activator	Human	(Milnes et al., 2008)
		Cholpyrifos	Activator	Mouse	(Lemaire et al., 2004)
		Cypermethrine	Activator	Human	(Lemaire et al., 2004; Abass et al., 2012)
		Endosulfan	Activator	Human	(Lemaire et al., 2004; Coumoul et al., 2002)
		Dane	Activator	Human, rat	(Lemaire et al., 2004; Mikamo et al., 2003)
		Methoxychlor	Activator	Human, rat	(Lemaire et al., 2004; Mikamo et al., 2003; Lemaire et al., 2006)
	Miscellaneous	CITCO	Activator	Humans	(Lin et al., 2020)
		SR12813	Activator	Human, rabbit, canine	(Jones et al., 2000; Pinne et al., 2016)
		Pregnenolone  16Chlorpyrifosile (PCN)	Activator and ligand	Rodents	(Ma et al., 2008; Marek et al., 2005)
		FKK6	Activator and ligand	Human, mouse	(Dvořák et al., 2020)
	Food  components	Aflatoxin B1	Activator	Human	(Ayed-Boussema et al., 2012a; Daujat-Chavanieu and Gerbal-Chaloin, 2020)
		Patulin	Activator	Human	(Ayed-Boussema et al., 2012b)
		Isorhamnetin	Activator and ligand	Mouse	(Dou et al., 2014)
		High fat diet	Activator	Mouse	(Saraswathi et al., 2017)
		Alpha-ketoglutarate	Activator	Pig	(He et al., 2017)
		Ochratoxin A	Inhibitor	Human	(Doricakova and Vrzal, 2015; Daujat-Chavanieu and Gerbal-Chaloin, 2020)
	Vitamins	Vit K	Activator and ligand	Mouse	(Sultana et al., 2018; Tabb et al., 2003; Avior et al., 2015)
		Vit E	Activator	Human	(Landes et al., 2003)
Endogenous molecules	Microbial  metabolites	Lithocholic acid (LCA)	Activator	Human, rodents	(Wistuba et al., 2007; Staudinger et al., 2001)
		3-keto LCA	Activator	Human, rodents	(Xie et al., 2001; Staudinger et al., 2001)
		Deoxycholic acid (DCA)	Activator	Mouse	(Xie et al., 2001)
		Indole-3-propionic acid	Ligand and activator	Human, mouse	(Venkatesh et al., 2014)
		Skatole (3-methyl-indole)	Partial agonist and low affinity ligand	Human	(Vyhlidalova et al., 2020)
		Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)	Inhibitor	Mouse	(Xu et al., 2004; Xu et al., 2005)