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. 2024 Apr 4;14:1322119. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1322119

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Copyright © 2024 Li, Li, Li, Song and Gong

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TLF-II inhibits UTI–induced inflammatory responses. (A) Urinary sediments from each group of mice were stained and analyzed. Representative urine cytology images from each group (Scale bar = 50 μm). (B, C) Graphs showing polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts (B) and urine inflammation scores (C) per mouse after different interventions. (D, E) Serum levels of IL-6 (D) and IL-1β (E) determined by ELISA. Data are represented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Significance is indicated as the p value, #p < 0.05, ###p < 0.001 vs. NC group; *p<0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p <0.001 vs. UTI group.