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. 2024 Apr 8;14(6):2544–2559. doi: 10.7150/thno.93269

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Ctsk+ PSPCs are mechanosensitive with osteochondral differentiation potential and contribute to fracture healing. A t-SNE plots showing 13 distinct clusters of cells identified and color-coded from mice fracture models (control group and fracture group). B Stacked bar chart showing the percentages of PSPCs within callus tissue quantified at 7 days post-fracture. C Circular stacked bar plot showing the proportion of positive or negative cells expressing markers gene of PSPCs in control group and fracture group. D GO analysis of differentially expressed genes in Ctsk positive PSPCs or Ctsk negative PSPCs related to mechanical stimuli. E, F Representative IF images of fracture callus at 14 days post-fracture in Ctsk-Cre; YFP+/+ mice, immunostained with OCN (red) or COLLII (red) and GFP (green) antibodies and counterstained with DAPI (blue). White squares indicate magnified areas in callus. Scale bars = 100 μm. Data are presented as means ± SD. Unpaired t test.