Figure 2.

Schematic illustration of the encoder: It consists of two, with an optional third, networks $E_{0-2}(·)$

The input data are copied and sent through each encoder network separately. For the encoder $E_2(·)$, the input data are first interleaved using the interleaving function π before being encoded. Each encoder output is normalized and binarized before being concatenated into the encoded binary sequence x.