Table 1.
Characteristics between dementia case group and control group.
| Variables | Control | Case | p | Variables | Control | Case | p | Variables | Control | Case | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 79,960 | 79,960 | BCD at midlife | 20 (0.0) | 23 (0.0) | 0.760 | Infectious disease at late-life | 18,594 (23.3) | 21,190 (26.5) | <0.001 | |
| Male | 32,356 (40.5) | 32,356 (40.5) | – | BCD at late-life | 1336 (1.7) | 1134 (1.4) | <0.001 | Toxicity at midlife | 65 (0.1) | 117 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| Age | 83.97 (7.38) | 83.97 (7.38) | – | Cardiac dysrhythmias at midlife | 397 (0.5) | 416 (0.5) | 0.527 | Toxicity at late-life | 1280 (1.6) | 1613 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| Low education | <0.001 | Cardiac dysrhythmias at late-life | 13,515 (16.9) | 12,647 (15.8) | <0.001 | Nutrition deficiency at midlife | 5 (0.0) | 10 (0.0) | 0.302 | ||
| Yes | 1189 (1.5) | 5437 (6.8) | Stroke at midlife | 416 (0.5) | 1062 (1.3) | <0.001 | Nutrition deficiency at late-life | 553 (0.7) | 1058 (1.3) | <0.001 | |
| No | 4787 (6.0) | 24,492 (30.6) | Stroke at late-life | 11,076 (13.9) | 16,203 (20.3) | <0.001 | Hearing loss at midlife | 63 (0.1) | 60 (0.1) | 0.857 | |
| Unknown | 73,984 (92.5) | 50,031 (62.6) | Heart failure at midlife | 198 (0.2) | 278 (0.3) | <0.001 | Hearing loss at late-life | 1167 (1.5) | 1185 (1.5) | 0.724 | |
| Diabetes at midlife | 985 (1.2) | 1692 (2.1) | <0.001 | Heart failure at late-life | 12,070 (15.1) | 11,394 (14.2) | <0.001 | Antidepressants at midlife | 622 (0.8) | 1107 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes at late-life | 15,884 (19.9) | 18,353 (23.0) | <0.001 | Other CVD at midlife | 227 (0.3) | 232 (0.3) | 0.852 | Antidepressants at late-life | 9814 (12.3) | 23,402 (29.3) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension at midlife | 1363 (1.7) | 1891 (2.4) | <0.001 | Other CVD at late-life | 6211 (7.8) | 5969 (7.5) | 0.023 | Antipsychotics at midlife | 300 (0.4) | 858 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension at late-life | 34,016 (42.5) | 34,423 (43.1) | 0.040 | Dyslipidemia at midlife | 498 (0.6) | 615 (0.8) | <0.001 | Antipsychotics at late-life | 5243 (6.6) | 30,666 (38.4) | <0.001 |
| Obesity at midlife | 36 (0.0) | 31 (0.0) | 0.625 | Dyslipidemia at late-life | 9496 (11.9) | 9282 (11.6) | 0.098 | Lipid drugs at midlife | 1838 (2.3) | 2013 (2.5) | 0.005 |
| Obesity at late-life | 423 (0.5) | 320 (0.4) | <0.001 | Cardiac valve disease at midlife | 102 (0.1) | 87 (0.1) | 0.308 | Lipid drugs at late-life | 30,129 (37.7) | 31,066 (38.9) | <0.001 |
| Depression at midlife | 221 (0.3) | 444 (0.6) | <0.001 | Cardiac valve disease at late-life | 1251 (1.6) | 920 (1.2) | <0.001 | Hypertension drugs at midlife | 2804 (3.5) | 3250 (4.1) | <0.001 |
| Depression at late-life | 2442 (3.1) | 4596 (5.7) | <0.001 | CBD at midlife | 257 (0.3) | 628 (0.8) | <0.001 | Hypertension drugs at late-life | 46,494 (58.1) | 47,696 (59.6) | <0.001 |
| Head injury at midlife | 250 (0.3) | 476 (0.6) | <0.001 | CBD at late-life | 9587 (12.0) | 13,137 (16.4) | <0.001 | Diabetes drugs at midlife | 2004 (2.5) | 2939 (3.7) | <0.001 |
| Head injury at late-life | 10,497 (13.1) | 17,993 (22.5) | <0.001 | ET at midlife | 11 (0.0) | 17 (0.0) | 0.345 | Diabetes drugs at late-life | 21,059 (26.3) | 23,849 (29.8) | <0.001 |
| IHD at midlife | 728 (0.9) | 697 (0.9) | 0.425 | ET at late-life | 474 (0.6) | 380 (0.5) | 0.001 | Polypharmacy at midlife | 5551 (6.9) | 5924 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| IHD at late-life | 13,868 (17.3) | 12,179 (15.2) | <0.001 | Infectious disease at midlife | 645 (0.8) | 750 (0.9) | 0.005 | Polypharmacy at late-life | 69,645 (87.1) | 72,825 (91.1) | <0.001 |
IHD: Ischemic heart disease; BCD: Bradycardias and conduction disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease; CBD: Cerebrovascular disease; ET: Embolism and thrombosis.
Note: 1) Age was summarized using mean and standard deviation (SD), and all the other factors were summarized using counts and percentages. 2) p value was obtained using Chi-squared test for categorical variables.