Fig. 8.

Antitumor effects of combined Vem and aPD-1 with F127-g-Gelatin hydrogel on SM1 models. SM1 cells were passaged in NSG mice. After harvested and resuspended in 160 μL saline, 30 μL of SM1 cell solutions were subcutaneously inoculated in C57Bl/6. Treatments were started when SM1 tumor size reached to 5–10 mm. Mice treated with saline, or combined single i.t. administrations of Vem (40 mg kg^{− 1}) and aPD-1 (450 μg mouse^{− 1}) were employed as control groups. F127-g-Gelatin hydrogels containing combined Vem (40 mg kg^{− 1}) and aPD-1 (450 μg mouse^{− 1}) were i.t. administered one time. (A) Relative average and individual tumor volumes (n = 3–4). (B) Swimmer plot to present therapeutic response, which depicts how long that mouse’s tumor growth curve remained flat or lower than its initial volume at time of treatment (n = 3–4). (C) Kaplan–Meier survival curves (n = 3–4). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Two-way ANOVA using Tukey post-hoc statistical hypothesis was employed for (A). Log-rank using Mentel-Cox statistical hypothesis was used for survival (C). ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, and *p < 0.05. Statistical values for (C) are listed in Table S8.