Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of sample evaluated for a concern of maltreatment and general pediatric population (N = 21,598).

Characteristics	Sample evaluated for maltreatment, n (%) (n = 367)	General pediatric population, n (%) (n = 21,231)	Test results	95% confidence interval
Emergency department use/inpatient hospitalization	159 (43.3)	6415 (30.2)	5.4	8.0, 18.2***
Maltreatment-related emergency department use/ inpatient hospitalization	12 (3.3)	133 (0.6)	6.2	0.8, 4.5***
Emergency department use/inpatient hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions	56 (15.3)	2259 (10.6)	2.8	0.9, 8.3**
Age at first encounter
<1 year	107 (29.2)	10,015 (47.2)	−6.9	−22.7, −13.3***
1 year	76 (20.7)	4527 (21.3)	−0.3	−4.8, 3.6
2 years	84 (22.9)	2819 (13.3)	5.4	5.3, 13.9***
3 years	100 (27.3)	3870 (18.2)	4.4	4.4, 13.6***
Race/ethnicity
Black, Non-Hispanic	213 (58.0)	7258 (34.2)	9.5	18.8, 28.9***
White, Non-Hispanic	64 (17.4)	6849 (32.3)	−6.0	−18.8, −10.9***
Hispanic	59 (16.1)	3586 (16.9)	−0.4	−4.6, 3.0
Other or unknown	31 (8.5)	2538 (16.7)	−4.2	−11.1, −5.3***
Sex
Female	197 (53.7)	10,406 (49.0)	1.8	−0.5, 9.8
Male	170 (46.3)	10,825 (51.0)	−1.8	−9.8, 0.5
Health insurance status
Medicaid	288 (78.5)	9788 (46.1)	12.3	28.1, 36.6***
All other types	79 (21.5)	11,443 (53.9)	−12.3	−36.6, −28.1***
Area Deprivation Index, mean (SD)	5.3 (2.8)	4.1 (2.6)	8.0	0.9, 1.5***
Area Deprivation Index, median (IQR)	5.0 (5.0)	3.0 (4.0)	8.2	0.2, 0.3***

Note. SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; percentages of categorical variables were compared using test of proportions and the z-scores were reported; means of Area Deprivation Index were compared using t-test and the t-score was reported; medians of Area Deprivation Index were compared using Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test and the z-score was reported. Z-scores, t-scores, and 95 % confidence intervals were reported for the differences of proportions or means between the two samples.

^**Significant at the p-value < 0.01 level.

^***Significant at the p-value < 0.001 level.