Table 1.
Expression pattern of LCN2 in murine female and male reproductive tract.
| Organ | Expression | Detection method | Localization | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vagina | +++ | Northern blot | NA1 | (26) |
| Uterus | +++ | Northern blot | NA2 | (24) |
| +++ | Northern blot | NA3 | (23) | |
| +++ | Northern blot, IHCa | luminal epithelium (day 19 of pregnancy) and glandular epithelium (postpartum) | (13) | |
| +++ | Northern blot | NA1 | (26) | |
| +++ | Northern blot, Western blotb, IHCc | luminal and glandular epithelial cells of the endometrium | (27) | |
| +++ | Western blotd | NA1 | (29) | |
| +++ | Northern blot | NA4 | (25) | |
| +++ | Western blote | uterotubular junction | (30) | |
| ++ | IHCf | luminal and glandular epithelial cells | (31) | |
| Ovary | – | Northern blot | NA1 | (26) |
| + | RT-qPCR, Western blotg, IHCf, IFf | Corpus luteum 5 | (31) | |
| Testis | – | Northern blot | NA1 | (26) |
| +/- | Northern blot, RT-PCR | Germ and somatic cell fraction6 | (32) | |
| +/- | PCR, Southern blot, Western bloth | Sertoli cells7 and spermatogonial cells8 | (33) | |
| ++ | Western Bloti, RT-PCR | Leydig cells | (34) | |
| ++ | In situ hybridization, Western blotj | Leydig cells | (35) | |
| ++ | In situ hybridization | Leydig cells | (36) | |
| ++ | RT-qPCR, Western blotg, IHCf, IFf | Leydig cells | (31) | |
| Epididymis | +++ | Northern blot | NA1 | (26) |
| +++ | Northern blot, Western blotk | epithelial cells and epididymal lumen | (37) | |
| +++ | Western blot | caput epididymis | (38) | |
| Prostate | – | Northern blot | NA1 | (26) |
IF, immunofluorescence; NA, not applicable; IHC, immunohistochemistry; 1whole tissue lysates were used; 2the whole uterus at the time of birth was analyzed; 3the whole uterus of pregnant females was analyzed; 4postpartum involuting uterus; 5no cell type confirmed but single cells in the Corpus luteum were positive in IHC; whole tissue lysate was used for Western Blot and RT-qPCR. 6Northern blot analysis of wild type testis showed no expression of Lcn2 (at different ages), but expression of Lcn2 was detected by RT-PCR in testicular gonadal cells (isolated via fluorescence-activated cell sorting) from 13.5-dpc and 3-week-old wild type mice in germ cells and the somatic fraction; 7a barely detectable level was found in primary Sertoli cells alone (isolated from 7-day-old mice), but a strong expression was observed in coculture with spermatogonial cells and after treatment with spermatogonial-conditioned medium; 8defined as the c-Kit+ cell fraction. afixation in 2% paraformaldehyde, antibody: self-made in rabbits; bself-made rabbit antibody; cfixation in Bouin’s solution, self-made rabbit antibody; dself-made rabbit antibody; erabbit polyclonal anti-LCN2 antibody (#sc-50351, Santa Cruz Biotechnology); ffixation in 4% neutral buffered formaldehyde (stabilized with methanol), polyclonal goat anti-LCN2 antibody (#AF3508; R&D Systems; 1:40 for IHC); gpolyclonal goat anti-LCN2 antibody (#AF3508; R&D Systems; 1:800); hpolyclonal goat anti-LCN2 antibody (#AF1857, R&D Systems); imonoclonal rat anti-LCN2 antibody (#MAB1857, R&D Systems; 1 µg/ml); janti-LCN2 antibody (no product number indicated, Abcam, 1:1000); kself-made in rabbit antibody. Symbols mean: -, no expression; +/-, very low expression; +, low expression; ++, moderate expression; +++, strong expression.