Table 2.

Summary of the study characteristics by the anatomical region in head and neck.

Publication	Year	Image modality	Patients/plans	Cancer Site	Delineation type	Outcome
Liang et al10	2019	CT	185	NPC	OARs	DSC = 0.86
Lin et al11	2019	MRI	1021	NPC	GTV	DSC = 0.79
van Rooij t al.12	2019	CT	157	H&N	OARs	DSC = 0.60 (oesophagus) to 0.83 (right parotid)
Chan et al13	2019	CT	200	H&N	OARs	DSC = 0.84 (left temporomandibular joint) to 0.91 (mandible)
Men et al14	2019	CT	100	H&N	OARs	Mean DSC = 0.90
Ibragimov et al15	2017	CT	50	H&N	OARs	DSC = 0.37 (optic chiasm) to 0.89 (mandible)
Zhu et al16	2018	CT	271	H&N	OARs	Mean DSC = 0.79%
Men et al14	2017	CT	230	NPC	GTVn and CTV	Mean DSC: GTVnx (0.81), GTVnd (0.62), CTV (0.82)
Cardenas et al17	2018	CT	285	Oropharyngeal	CTV	DSC > 0.75 on 96% of the cases
van Dijk et al18	2020	CT	589	H&N	OARs	DSC: atlas vs CNN (0.59 vs 0.74)
Zhong et al19	2019	CT	140	NPC	OARs	Mean DSC = optic nerves (0.89) to thyroids (0.92)

Abbreviations: CNN = convolutional neural network; CTV = clinical target volume; DSC = Dice similarity coefficient; GTVn = Growth tumour volume; GTVnd = metastatic lymph node tumour total volume; GTVnx = nasopharyngeal tumour total volume; H&N = head and neck; NPC = nasopharyngeal carcinoma; OARs = organ at risks.