Table 2.
The characterization of detection of survivin protein with anti-survivin antibody-conjugated GNPs in urine samples
| Groups | Number per group | Frequency (n) | Percent (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative | Positive | Negative | Positive | ||
| Healthy control | 30 | 28 | 2 | 93.3 | 6.7 |
| Bladder cancer | 41 | 2 | 39 | 4.9 | 95.1 |
| Subgroups of bladder cancer | |||||
| B.C. stage Ta | 8 | 2 | 6 | 25 | 75 |
| B.C. stage T1 | 8 | 1 | 7 | 12.5 | 87.5 |
| B.C. stage T2 | 11 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 100 |
| B.C. stage T3 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 100 |
| B.C. stage T4 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 100 |
Negative, no change in the color of the GNPs solution; positive, change in the color of the GNPs solution from red to gray