Pretreatment of EFO-21 cells with IDO1-specific ASOs results in increased proliferation of T cells in coculture. EFO-21 cells were treated with different concentrations of IDO1-specific ASOs or the control oligo 2 (concentration: 3 µM) for 3 days without the use of a transfection reagent. Afterwards, CD3-enriched human T cells were labeled with a proliferation dye, added to EFO-21 cells and activated using CD3/28/2 tetrameric antibody complexes. On day four after start of the coculture proliferation of T cells (a) shown as proliferation index (b) and T cell counts (c) were determined by flow cytometry. Relative values are depicted as compared to mock-treated cells (0 nM). The mean ± SD of two independent experiments run in duplicates and triplicates, respectively, is depicted. Significant differences compared to mock-treated cells were determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. **p < 0.005, *p < 0.05, #p = 0.0687, §p = 0.1245