Table 2. Comparisons of ROM of the ankle and MTP before and after the usual home care and muscle-strengthening exercise program.

Measurements in degrees.

SD: Standard deviation; ROM: range of motion; MTP: metatarsophalangeal joint

Area	Before exercise  (mean±SD)	After exercise  (mean±SD)	t-Statistics	p-value
Right ankle dorsiflexion
Group 1	18.23±6.31	19.24±2.54	-1.48	0.14
Group 2	19.11±4.54	27.97±5.3	-12.7	<0.01
t-Statistics	-1.13	14.85
p-value	0.26	<0.01
Left ankle dorsiflexion
Group 1	17.3±6.2	18.22±1.14	-1.46	0.15
Group 2	17.47±4.1	28.55±4.61	-17.96	<0.01
t-Statistics	-0.23	21.75
p-value	0.82	<0.01
Right ankle plantar flexion
Group 1	30.42±5.12	31.84±5.2	-1.95	0.053
Group 2	29.73±5.84	31.27±4.11	2.16	0.03
t-Statistics	0.9	-0.86
p-value	0.37	0.39
Left ankle plantar flexion
Group 1	30.7±6.8	31.42±6.02	-0.79	0.43
Group 2	31.34±5.3	32.07±6.14	0.9	0.37
t-Statistics	-0.74	0.76
p-value	0.46	0.45
Right first MTP flexion
Group 1	33.58±5.45	34.66±5.02	-1.46	0.15
Group 2	34.07±4.17	35.19±5.5	1.62	0.11
t-Statistics	-0.71	0.71
p-value	0.48	0.48
Left first MTP flexion
Group 1	35.78±7.27	37.3±4.1	-1.82	0.07
Group 2	36.01±6.3	36.98±3.2	1.37	0.17
t-Statistics	-0.24	-0.62
p-value	0.81	0.54
Right first MTP extension
Group 1	37.8±6.33	39.27±5.77	-1.72	0.09
Group 2	37.49±5.77	38.66±5.5	-0.77	0.45
t-Statistics	0.36	-0.77
p-value	0.72	0.45
Left first MTP extension
Group 1	36.06±5.9	37.34±6.14	-1.5	0.13
Group 2	36.74±5.7	37.83±6.22	1.29	0.2
t-Statistics	-0.83	0.56
p-value	0.41	0.58