Fig. 2.

Inverse correlation between effector CD27⁻ cytotoxic CD8⁺ T cells and number of MDSCs in pediatric cancer patients. We perform immunomonitoring of circulating immune cells in high-risk pediatric cancer patients in the clinical trial evaluating anti-cancer vaccine based on dendritic cells loaded with autologous tumor lysate (EudraCT: 2014-003388-39). a Patients with low MDSC counts before DC vaccination have high proportions of effector CD27⁻ CD8⁺ T cells compared to patients with high MDSC counts. A low MDSC count was defined as ≤ 0.01 10⁹/L for CD33^hi PMN-MDSCs and ≤ 0.2 10⁹/L for M-MDSCs. b Case of early relapsing Burkitt lymphoma with PI3K-delta subunit germline mutation treated with long-term anti-cancer DC vaccination (29 doses) is shown. We observed opposing dynamics of CD27⁻ CD8⁺ effector T cells and CD33^hi PMN-MDSCs during the course of vaccination. The peak at dose 23 (depicted with an empty circle) overlaps with respiratory infection resolved by amoxicillin