Fig. 5.
Paracrine co-release of IL-2 and anti-CTLA-4 from aAPCs improved tumor inhibition in a mouse melanoma model. a Timeline for in vivo experiments. b Subcutaneous melanoma growth and c fibrosarcoma growth in the treatment group of blank PLGA-MPs, aAPC, aAPCIL-2, aAPCanti-CTLA4, or aAPCIL-2+anti-CTLA4; n = 7 mice in each group. d Kaplan–Meier survival curves illustrate statistically improved survival rates in the aAPCIL-2+anti-CTLA4 group relative to the aAPCanti-CTLA4 group (P = 0.0007), aAPCIL-2 group (P < 0.0001), aAPC group (P < 0.0001) and blank PLGA-MP group (P < 0.0001), as determined by a log-rank comparison. Mouse death was defined as tumor diameter exceeding 20 mm as well as natural death. The presented data were from one representative experiment of two independent experiments; n = 7 mice in each group in each experiment. e Subcutaneous melanoma growth and f fibrosarcoma growth in the treatment group of aAPC plus exogenous IL-2/anti-CTLA-4, aAPCIL-2 + aAPCanti-CTLA4, or aAPCIL-2+anti-CTLA4. n = 7 mice in each group