Fig. 2.

Characterization of anti-tumor immune responses and treatment efficacy induced by gemcitabine-based chemoimmunotherapy in the subcutaneous PancOVA tumor model. a Therapy was started 1 week after induction of s.c. PancOVA tumors by administering either OVA-DC, LPS-activated unloaded DC (U-DC) or PBS with a total of six vaccinations. Subgroups received concomitant gemcitabine therapy on days 2 and 5 after DC injection. The graph depicts mean tumor burden in mm² + SEM (top, n = 4 mice per group). Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrate treatment efficacy (bottom). Mice that had developed tumors >150 mm² were killed. One of the two independent experiments with similar results is shown. b, c Tumor-specific CD8⁺ T-cell responses were assessed on day 35 after tumor inoculation by IFN-γ ICS after ex vivo stimulation with SIINFEKL or p15E peptide, respectively. Data are representative of two independent experiments (n = 4 per group)