Fig. 3.

Role of co-regulatory molecules and immunosuppressive cytokines in T cell suppression by CAFs. CAFs were pretreated with anti-B7H1 mAb or anti-B7DC mAb, and then co-cultured with CFSE-labeled T cells for 4 days with an anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulus. The proliferation of T cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. a Representative data from one patient (CAF5). b Addition of anti-B7H1 mAb and anti-B7DC mAb significantly restored T cell proliferation. Similarly, CAFs supernatants were pretreated with anti-TGF-β or anti-VEGF neutralizing mAb, and then added to CFSE-labeled PBMCs for T cell proliferation assays. c Representative data from one patient (CAF3). d TGF-β and VEGF neutralization also significantly increased the percentage of proliferated T cells. Asterisk indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with control IgG