Figure 2: Visualization of the associations of sociodemographic and psychological variables with reported sex and insomnia.

The figure visualizes the estimated associations of each of the sociodemographic and psychological variables considered with insomnia as the outcome (sex-adjusted; left column), male sex as the exposure (middle column), and insomnia as the outcome in an analysis adjusted for sex (right column). All models were adjusted for baseline covariates: age, study center, and Hispanic/Latino background. Opposite colors between sex and insomnia associations indicate that a variable is associated with higher (lower) likelihood of being male and lower (higher) likelihood of having insomnia.

HCHS/SOL: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos; SASH: Social Acculturation Scale for Hispanics; WHIIRS: Women Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale. STAI10: Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory scale based on 10 items. CESD9: Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale based on 9 items (excluding sleep quality-related question).