Table 3.

LASSO selected predictors of the risk of 24-month persistent cognitive decline among older women with breast cancer^a

Model with baseline APE domain scoreb		Model without baseline APE domain scoreg
Variable	Odds ratio a	Variable	Odds ratio a
Treatment type—chemoc	0.76	Treatment type—chemo	0.58
Cardiovascular disease comorbidity	1.35	Cardiovascular disease comorbidity	1.62
BMI >30d	2.21f	BMI >30	2.68
ApoE4 positivity (vs E4 negative)	2.47	ApoE4 positivity (vs E4 negative)	2.60
Number of prescription drugs regularly taken, per one drug	1.33	Number of prescription drugs regularly taken, per one drug	1.36
HER2 positivity (vs negative)	0.66	HER2 positivity (vs negative)	0.62
IPAQ daily sitting hoursh	0.86	IPAQ daily sitting hours	0.86
SF12 mental component scorei	0.87	SF12 mental component score	0.84
Baseline APE domain score	1.77	Baseline APE domain score	—
Baseline mini mental status exame	—	Baseline mini mental status exam	0.55
Years of education	—	Years of education	1.18

^aLogistic regression model with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to identify predictors indicative of risk of cognitive decline. Fourfold cross-validation was used during the model optimization of tuning/penalty parameters to obtain the model selected variables and corresponding regression coefficient estimates for the displayed LASSO model outputs. Regression coefficients are summarized using odds ratios (OR) of being decliners in LASSO logistic regression. The model output in the left panel corresponds to an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.79, while the model on the right panel with MMSE and years of education as a substitute measure of baseline cognitive reserve corresponds to an AUC of 0.83.

^bThe APE domain is a summary z-score of performance on six neuropsychologic tests of Attention, Processing speed, and Executive function.

^cSystemic treatment categories are for chemotherapy with or without endocrine therapy vs the referent group of endocrine therapy alone.

^dBMI = weight (kg)/height (m²) at baseline.

^eThe Mini Mental Status Exam scores are truncated at >24 based on study eligibility.

^fExample interpretation: For a cancer survivor, moving from the category BMI <30 to the category BMI > 30, the odds of cognitive decline increase by 2.21 times, more than doubling the odds of cognitive decline.

^gMMSE, WRAT-4, years of education as a substitute measure of baseline cognitive reserves.

^hIPAQ = International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

ⁱThe SF12 questionnaire is a health-related quality-of-life questionnaire consisting of twelve questions that measure eight health domains to assess physical and mental health. The mental health-related component includes Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional, and Mental Health scales.