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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 Feb 13;257:111127. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111127

Table 1.

Demographic Group Comparison Statistics

Full Sample
(N = 425)
Non-LS Involved
(N = 213)
Non-Incarcerated, LS Involved
(N = 117)
Formerly Incarcerated
(N = 95)
% or M (N or SD) % or M (N or SD) % or M (N or SD) % or M (N or SD) χ 2 or F p
Gender 38.85 <.001
 Woman 53.6 (228) 66.2 (141) 34.2 (40) 49.5 (47)
 Man 28.4 (121) 17.4 (37) 47.0 (55) 30.5 (29)
 Transgender/Non-binary/Self-identify 17.9 (76) 16.4 (35) 18.8 (22) 20.0 (19)
Race/Ethnicity 3.12 .246
 Non-White 18.3 (76) 18.4 (38) 13.9 (16) 23.4 (22)
 White 81.7 (340) 81.6 (169) 86.1 (99) 76.6 (72)
Age 24.42 (5.90) 29.76 (7.58) 32.33 (6.99) 51.93 <.001
Student Status 0.07 .967
 Undergraduate 74.1 (309) 74.5 (158) 73.2 (82) 74.2 (69)
 Graduate 25.9 (108) 25.5 (54) 26.8 (30) 25.8 (24)

Note. Chi-statistic comparisons of gender, race/ethnicity, and student status. Subcategories were combined (i.e, more specific gender, race/ethnicity, student status options) to avoid violation of chi-square assumptions. Discrepancies between category totals and sample size reflect participants who did not provide demographic information. p < .05 in bold.