Table 1.
Incidence of HARVI as Defined by Time From Hospital Admission to the Order Date of the First Positive Test Being Longer Than the 50th, 75th, or 95th Percentile of the Virus-Specific Incubation Perioda
| Virus | Virus-Specific Incubation Period Quantile Used to Define Hospital-Associated Infections | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50th Percentile | 75th Percentile | 95th Perentileb | |||||||
| Threshold, d | No. | Incidencec | Threshold, d | No. | Incidencec | Threshold, d | No. | Incidencec | |
| Adult | |||||||||
| Adenovirus | 5.6 | 9 | 0.12 (0.06–0.22) | 6.5 | 7 | 0.09 (0.04–0.19) | 7.5 | 5 | 0.06 (0.03–0.15) |
| Coronavirus | 3.2 | 33 | 0.42 (0.30–0.60) | 3.5 | 31 | 0.40 (0.28–0.57) | 4.5 | 29 | 0.37 (0.26–0.54) |
| Human metapneumovirusd | 4.4 | 29 | 0.37 (0.26–0.54) | 5.1 | 26 | 0.34 (0.23–0.49) | 6.3 | 21 | 0.27 (0.18–0.41) |
| Influenza A | 1.4 | 73 | 0.95 (0.75–1.19) | 1.9 | 60 | 0.78 (0.60–1.00) | 2.8 | 50 | 0.65 (0.49–0.85) |
| Influenza B | 1.4 | 15 | 0.19 (0.12–0.32) | 1.9 | 10 | 0.13 (0.07–0.24) | 2.8 | 9 | 0.12 (0.06–0.22) |
| Parainfluenza | 2.6 | 36 | 0.46 (0.33–0.64) | 3.2 | 32 | 0.41 (0.29–0.58) | 4.2 | 26 | 0.33 (0.23–0.49) |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | 4.4 | 27 | 0.35 (0.24–0.51) | 5.1 | 26 | 0.34 (0.23–0.49) | 6.3 | 24 | 0.31 (0.21–0.46) |
| Rhinovirus-enterovirus | 1.9 | 144 | 1.89 (1.60–2.22) | 2.7 | 122 | 1.60 (1.34–1.91) | 4.5 | 84 | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) |
| Totale | … | 351 | 4.52 (4.07–5.02) | … | 299 | 3.85 (3.44–4.31) | … | 236 | 3.04 (2.67–3.45) |
| Pediatric | |||||||||
| Adenovirus | 5.6 | 28 | 1.28 (0.88–1.85) | 6.5 | 21 | 0.96 (0.63–1.46) | 7.5 | 19 | 0.87 (0.55–1.35) |
| Coronavirus | 3.2 | 32 | 1.44 (1.02–2.04) | 3.5 | 31 | 1.40 (0.98–1.98) | 4.5 | 29 | 1.31 (0.91–1.88) |
| Human metapneumovirusd | 4.4 | 9 | 0.41 (0.22–0.78) | 5.1 | 9 | 0.41 (0.22–0.78) | 6.3 | 8 | 0.36 (0.18–0.72) |
| Influenza A | 1.4 | 16 | 0.73 (0.45–1.18) | 1.9 | 10 | 0.45 (0.25–0.84) | 2.8 | 9 | 0.41 (0.22–0.78) |
| Influenza B | 1.4 | 11 | 0.50 (0.28–0.89) | 1.9 | 7 | 0.32 (0.15–0.65) | 2.8 | 6 | 0.27 (0.12–0.59) |
| Parainfluenza | 2.6 | 32 | 1.44 (1.02–2.04) | 3.2 | 30 | 1.35 (0.95–1.93) | 4.2 | 24 | 1.08 (0.73–1.61) |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | 4.4 | 19 | 0.88 (0.56–1.37) | 5.1 | 18 | 0.83 (0.53–1.31) | 6.3 | 16 | 0.74 (0.45–1.20) |
| Rhinovirus-enterovirus | 1.9 | 182 | 8.87 (7.67–10.25) | 2.7 | 141 | 6.87 (5.83–8.11) | 4.5 | 108 | 5.27 (4.36–6.36) |
| Totale | … | 292 | 13.17 (11.74–14.77) | … | 237 | 10.69 (9.41–12.14) | … | 194 | 8.75 (7.60–10.07) |
Note. HARVI; hospital-associated respiratory virus infection; CI, confidence interval.
Virus specific incubation periods taken from Lessler et al.19
Estimates of the 95th percentile of the incubation period were unavailable for adenovirus, coronavirus, and parainfluenza. For this analysis, the 95th percentile for these viruses was taken as the 75th percentile plus 1 day.
Events per 10,000 admission days (95% CI).
The incubation period for human metapneumovirus was not estimated by Lessler et al19 because of limited data. For this analysis, the incubation period of human metapneumovirus was considered consistent with that of respiratory syncytial virus given concordance between the limited data and similarities between the viruses.
Virus specific incidence does not add to the total because some patients had codetection of multiple respiratory viruses in the same test or serial detection of multiple viruses throughout the same hospital admission. Codetection or serial detection events were counted individually within each virus specific row but counted as 1 event in the total row.