Table 3.
Characteristics of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients Admitted Between July 1, 2017, and February 28, 2020, by HARVI Statusa
| Variable | w/o HARVI (N=33,002), No. (%)b | Any HARVI (N=194), No. (%)b | Adenovirus (N=19), No. (%)b | ccCov (N=29), No. (%)b | hMPV (N=8), No. (%)b | Influenza A (N=9), No. (%)b | Influenza B (N=6), No. (%)b | PIV (N=24), No. (%)b | RSV (N=16), No. (%)b | hRV/EV (N=108), No. (%)a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median y (IQR) | 0 (0–8) | 1 (0–6) | 3 (0–7) | 1 (0–7) | 2 (1–3) | 4 (1–5) | 5 (1–8) | 3 (1–6) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–6) |
| Sex | * | |||||||||
| Female | 15,903 (48) | 82 (42) | 8 (42) | 15 (52) | 2 (25) | 2 (22) | 2 (33) | 13 (54) | 3 (19) | 48 (44) |
| Male | 17,099 (52) | 112 (58) | 11 (58) | 14 (48) | 6 (75) | 7 (78) | 4 (67) | 11 (46) | 13 (81) | 60 (56) |
| Race | * | * | ||||||||
| NH Asian | 1,595 (5) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) |
| NH Black | 4,464 (14) | 33 (17) | 5 (26) | 4 (14) | 0 (0) | 2 (22) | 1 (17) | 5 (21) | 1 (6) | 21 (19) |
| NH White | 23,280 (71) | 136 (70) | 11 (58) | 25 (86) | 7 (88) | 7 (78) | 4 (67) | 19 (79) | 11 (69) | 70 (65) |
| Other/Unknown/Missing | 3,663 (11) | 24 (12) | 3 (16) | 0 (0) | 1 (12) | 0 (0) | 1 (17) | 0 (0) | 4 (25) | 16 (15) |
| CCC score, median (IQR) | 0 (0–2) | 5 (3–6)*** | 6 (5–7)*** | 4 (3–6)*** | 6 (4–6)*** | 1 (0–4) | 4 (2–6)* | 4 (2–7)*** | 4 (1–6)*** | 5 (3–6)*** |
| Chronic condition | ||||||||||
| Neurologic and neuromuscular | 4,246 (13) | 68 (35)*** | 7 (37)** | 9 (31)** | 4 (50)* | 1 (11) | 1 (17) | 10 (42)*** | 2 (12) | 43 (40)*** |
| Cardiovascular | 6,592 (20) | 136 (70)*** | 16 (84)*** | 21 (72)*** | 6 (75)** | 4 (44) | 4 (67)* | 15 (62)*** | 11 (69)*** | 78 (72)*** |
| Respiratory | 2,909 (9) | 97 (50)*** | 11 (58)*** | 17 (59)*** | 4 (50)** | 2 (22) | 2 (33) | 8 (33)*** | 6 (38)** | 57 (53)*** |
| Renal and urologic | 2,235 (7) | 37 (19)*** | 6 (32)** | 3 (10) | 2 (25) | 1 (11) | 1 (17) | 4 (17) | 3 (19) | 22 (20)*** |
| Gastrointestinal | 4,280 (13) | 100 (52)*** | 14 (74)*** | 11 (38)*** | 5 (62)** | 3 (33) | 1 (17) | 12 (50)*** | 9 (56)*** | 57 (53)*** |
| Hematologic and immunologic | 3,233 (10) | 62 (32)*** | 10 (53)*** | 10 (34)*** | 4 (50)** | 2 (22) | 2 (33) | 11 (46)*** | 4 (25) | 29 (27)*** |
| Metabolic | 4,777 (14) | 80 (41)*** | 13 (68)*** | 9 (31)* | 4 (50)* | 2 (22) | 3 (50)* | 10 (42)** | 7 (44)** | 41 (38)*** |
| Other congenital or genetic | 3,160 (10) | 59 (30)*** | 6 (32)** | 10 (34)*** | 3 (38)* | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 9 (38)*** | 6 (38)** | 33 (31)*** |
| Malignancy | 2,785 (8) | 48 (25)*** | 6 (32)** | 8 (28)** | 1 (12) | 1 (11) | 1 (17) | 7 (29)** | 2 (12) | 27 (25)*** |
| Premature and neonatal | 2,389 (7) | 47 (24)*** | 2 (11) | 4 (14) | 3 (38)* | 0 (0) | 1 (17) | 2 (8) | 3 (19) | 37 (34)*** |
| Medical device dependence | 5,188 (16) | 136 (70)*** | 17 (89)*** | 21 (72)*** | 7 (88)*** | 3 (33) | 4 (67)** | 13 (54)*** | 10 (62)*** | 79 (73)*** |
| Transplantation | 395 (1) | 18 (9)*** | 5 (26)*** | 1 (3) | 1 (12) | 1 (11) | 1 (17) | 4 (17)*** | 0 (0) | 8 (7)*** |
| Study period | * | *** | * | * | ||||||
| 2017–2018 | 12,389 (38) | 56 (29) | 0 (0) | 10 (34) | 4 (50) | 3 (33) | 2 (33) | 5 (21) | 6 (38) | 30 (28) |
| 2018–2019 | 12,303 (37) | 83 (43) | 12 (63) | 13 (45) | 1 (12) | 3 (33) | 0 (0) | 14 (58) | 2 (12) | 48 (44) |
| 2019–2020 | 8,310 (25) | 55 (28) | 7 (37) | 6 (21) | 3 (38) | 3 (33) | 4 (67) | 5 (21) | 8 (50) | 30 (28) |
| Admission month | ** | * | ** | |||||||
| Jul | 3,083 (9) | 15 (8) | 2 (11) | 1 (3) | 1 (12) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 11 (10) |
| Aug | 3,182 (10) | 17 (9) | 1 (5) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (17) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 13 (12) |
| Sep | 3,072 (9) | 17 (9) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (8) | 1 (6) | 14 (13) |
| Oct | 3,205 (10) | 15 (8) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (11) | 0 (0) | 3 (12) | 2 (12) | 10 (9) |
| Nov | 3,001 (9) | 17 (9) | 3 (16) | 0 (0) | 1 (12) | 0 (0) | 1 (17) | 6 (25) | 1 (6) | 8 (7) |
| Dec | 3,068 (9) | 30 (15) | 2 (11) | 7 (24) | 2 (25) | 2 (22) | 2 (33) | 3 (12) | 8 (50) | 11 (10) |
| Jan | 3,098 (9) | 17 (9) | 4 (21) | 6 (21) | 0 (0) | 4 (44) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (12) | 2 (2) |
| Feb | 2,829 (9) | 17 (9) | 1 (5) | 3 (10) | 2 (25) | 2 (22) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (6) | 10 (9) |
| Mar | 2,140 (6) | 11 (6) | 0 (0) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (33) | 0 (0) | 1 (6) | 7 (6) |
| Apr | 2,081 (6) | 11 (6) | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | 1 (12) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (12) | 0 (0) | 5 (5) |
| May | 2,146 (7) | 16 (8) | 2 (11) | 3 (10) | 1 (12) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) | 11 (10) |
| Jun | 2,097 (6) | 11 (6) | 2 (11) | 2 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (12) | 0 (0) | 6 (6) |
Note. CCC, pediatric complex chronic condition; ccCoV, common-cold coronavirus; HARVI; hospital-associated respiratory virus infection; hMPV, human metapneumovirus; hRV/EV, human rhinovirus/enterovirus; IQR, interquartile range; NH, non-Hispanic; PIV, parainfluenza; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
Numbers in the table represent inpatient admissions; individual patients may have been admitted to the hospital multiple times during the study period.
Data are no. (%) unless otherwise specified.
P < .05 statistically significant difference relative to admissions without HARVI.
P < .01 statistically significant difference relative to admissions without HARVI.
P < .001 statistically significant difccCoV, common-col ference relative to admissions without HARVI.