Table 2.
A representative summary of ultrasound-mediated drug delivery systems in different tissues
| Tissue | Animal model | Drug delivery system | Ultrasound contrast agent | Mechanism of ultrasound mediation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Skin | Rat | Free drug | Microbubble | Mechanical | [89] |
| Hydrogel | None | [90] | |||
| Nanobubble | [91] | ||||
| Inorganic nanoparticle | None | Thermal | [92] | ||
| Free drug | Thermal & Mechanical | [93] | |||
| Pig | Free drug | Mechanical | [94] | ||
| Human | Free drug | Thermal & Mechanical | [95] | ||
| Subcutaneous tumor | Rat | Free drug | Sonochemical | [27] | |
| Liposome | [69] | ||||
| Hydrogel | Mechanical | [96] | |||
| Polymersome | [97] | ||||
| Nanobubble | Nanobubble | [98] | |||
| Free drug | Microbubble | [99] | |||
| Brain | Rat | Liposome | [49] | ||
| Rabbit | Free drug | [100] | |||
| Human | Free drug | [101] | |||
| None | [102] | ||||
| Sciatic nerve | Rat | Liposome | None | Sonochemical | [103] |
| Free drug | Thermal & Mechanical | [104] | |||
| Polymeric microparticle | Mechanical | [105] | |||
| Hydrogel | Microbubble | [106] | |||
| Cartilage | Rat | Liposome | None | Sonochemical | [107] |
| Gastrointestinal tract | Pig | Free drug | Mechanical | [108] | |
| Hind leg tumor | Rat | Liposome | Microbubble | [46] | |
| Immune system* | Rat | Polymeric nanoparticle | [109] | ||
| Kidney | Rabbit | Liposome | [47] | ||
| Liver | Human | Liposome | None | Thermal | [33] |
*
antigen presenting cells