Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to anaemia category
| Anaemia | Moderate | Mild | None | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haemoglobin for women | 9.0–10.9 g/dL | 11.0–11.9 g/dL | 12.0–13.0 g/dL | |
| Haemoglobin for men | 9.0–11.9 g/dL | 12.0–12.9 g/dL | 13.0–14.0 g/dL | |
| Total number | 423 | 348 | 366 | |
| Age | 75 [68, 81] | 73 [67, 80] | 72 [66, 78] | .00068 |
| Women | 71 (17%) | 98 (28%) | 131 (36%) | <.0001 |
| Men | 352 (83%) | 250 (72%) | 235 (64%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.0 [24.5, 31.6] | 28.4 [25.0, 32.7] | 28.7 [24.6, 33.1] | .24 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Hypertension | 239 (57%) | 187 (54%) | 186 (51%) | .28 |
| Diabetes | 216 (51%) | 172 (49%) | 133 (36%) | <.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 221 (52%) | 150 (43%) | 163 (45%) | .021 |
| Aetiology | ||||
| Ischaemic | 253 (60%) | 195 (56%) | 199 (54%) | .55 |
| Non-ischaemic | 129 (31%) | 114 (33%) | 130 (36%) | |
| Unknown | 41 (10%) | 39 (11%) | 37 (10%) | |
| Recruitment context | ||||
| Inpatient | 90 (21%) | 40 (12%) | 34 (9%) | <.0001 |
| Discharged <6 months | 76 (18%) | 63 (18%) | 69 (19%) | |
| Outpatient | 257 (61%) | 245 (70%) | 263 (72%) | |
| NYHA | ||||
| II | 193 (46%) | 214 (62%) | 241 (66%) | <.0001 |
| III/IV | 230 (54%) | 134 (38%) | 125 (34%) | |
| Minnesota score (n) | 412 | 341 | 361 | |
| Overall | 49 [29, 66] | 42 [24, 58] | 39 [19, 60] | <.0001 |
| Physical | 26 [16, 33] | 23 [12, 31] | 22 [12, 29] | .0003 |
| Emotional | 10 [4, 17] | 8 [3, 15] | 7 [2, 16] | .0033 |
| 6-Minute walk test (n) | 231 | 204 | 226 | |
| Distance (m) | 235 [149, 322] | 270 [180, 361] | 300 [201, 370] | <.0001 |
| Vital signs | ||||
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 70 [60, 79] | 70 [61, 81] | 69 [60, 78] | .40 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 117 [103, 130] | 120 [108, 134] | 120 [108, 133] | .011 |
| Laboratory tests | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 35 [26, 39] | 31 [25, 36] | 35 [25, 38] | .021 |
| NT-proBNP (ng/L) | 2424 [1142, 4329] | 1562 [838, 3541] | 1387 [741, 2603] | <.0001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 47 [35, 62] | 52 [38, 72] | 56 [41, 72] | <.0001 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.9 [10.3, 11.5] | 12.3 [11.8, 12.6] | 13.1 [12.7, 13.6] | NA |
| Ferritin (µg/L) | 50 [29, 94] | 44 [28, 83] | 54 [32, 83] | .071 |
| Ferritin < 30 µg/L | 112 (27%) | 108 (31%) | 77 (21%) | .01 |
| TSAT (%) | 12 [9, 18] | 15 [11, 19] | 17 [13, 22] | <.0001 |
| TSAT < 20% | 345 (84%) | 258 (76%) | 238 (66%) | <.0001 |
| On oral iron | 80 (19%) | 56 (16%) | 35 (10%) | .00098 |
| Heart failure medication | ||||
| Loop diuretic | 371 (88%) | 274 (79%) | 281 (77%) | .0001 |
| ACEi, ARB, or ARNi | 343 (81%) | 310 (89%) | 331 (90%) | .00016 |
| Beta-blocker | 367 (87%) | 314 (90%) | 328 (90%) | .26 |
| MRA | 222 (53%) | 211 (61%) | 199 (54%) | .065 |
| Digoxin | 49 (12%) | 45 (13%) | 41 (11%) | .75 |
| Any hypoglycaemic agent | 195 (46%) | 157 (45%) | 110 (30%) | <.0001 |
| Insulin | 89 (21%) | 53 (15%) | 39 (11%) | .00034 |
| SGLT2 inhibitor | 11 (3%) | 10 (3%) | 8 (2%) | .84 |
| Device therapy | ||||
| ICD | 57 (14%) | 46 (13%) | 60 (16%) | .40 |
| PPCM | 30 (7%) | 15 (4%) | 21 (6%) | |
| CRT-P | 30 (7%) | 25 (7%) | 23 (6%) | |
| CRT-D | 55 (13%) | 62 (18%) | 48 (13%) |
Data are number and per cent or median with first and third quartiles.