Table 2.
Single dietary vitamin intake and periodontitis risk.
| Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | p | OR (95%CI) | p | |
| Vitamin A, μg | ||||
| <528.00 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥528.00 | 0.74 (0.65–0.83) | <0.001 | 0.88 (0.76–1.02) | 0.094 |
| Vitamin B1, μg | ||||
| <1884.00 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥1884.00 | 0.86 (0.78–0.95) | 0.005 | 0.94 (0.83–1.06) | 0.323 |
| Vitamin B2, μg | ||||
| <2464.00 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥2464.00 | 0.78 (0.70–0.88) | <0.001 | 0.89 (0.77–1.03) | 0.132 |
| Vitamin B6, μg | ||||
| <2455.00 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥2455.00 | 0.75 (0.67–0.84) | <0.001 | 0.82 (0.72–0.94) | 0.009 |
| Vitamin B12, μg | ||||
| <6.99 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥6.99 | 0.78 (0.71–0.86) | <0.001 | 0.93 (0.82–1.04) | 0.209 |
| Vitamin C, mg | ||||
| <89.40 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥89.40 | 0.74 (0.66–0.82) | <0.001 | 0.93 (0.82–1.04) | 0.218 |
| Vitamin D, μg | ||||
| <6.60 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥6.60 | 0.69 (0.62–0.77) | <0.001 | 0.87 (0.76–1.00) | 0.054 |
| Vitamin E, mg | ||||
| <7.48 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥7.48 | 0.73 (0.63–0.84) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.69–0.92) | 0.004 |
| Vitamin K, μg | ||||
| <82.70 | Ref | Ref | ||
| ≥82.70 | 0.72 (0.62–0.84) | <0.001 | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) | 0.128 |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Model 1 was crude model; Model 2 was adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, educational level, marital status, poverty-income ratio, smoking status, anti-infectives, serum vitamin D, white blood cell, decayed teeth, dental floss.