TABLE 3.
Patient and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Cohorta
| Patient Characteristics | No PPCS (n = 111) | PPCS (n = 87) | P b |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, y | 15.4 (1.7) | 15 (2.1) | .115 |
| Female sex | 65 (58.6) | 31 (35.6) | .002 |
| Race/ethnicity | .835 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 88 (79.3) | 65 (74.7) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 8 (7.2) | 6 (6.9) | |
| Hispanic | 4 (3.6) | 4 (4.6) | |
| Other | 11 (9.9) | 12 (13.8) | |
| History of previous concussion | 51 (45.9) | 46 (52.9) | .410 |
| History of migraines | 17 (15.3) | 17 (19.5) | .553 |
| Mean days from injury to first visit | 6.2 (3.7) | 8.6 (3.9) | <.001 |
| Mean PCSI at initial assessment | 31 (24.5) | 55.8 (24.5) | <.001 |
| Mean preinjury PCSI | 12.0 (16.2) | 8.7 (10.1) | .089 |
a
Data are presented as mean (SD) or n (%). PCSI, Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory; PPCS, persistent postconcussion symptoms (no return to baseline at 28 days).
b
t tests were used to compare means. Chi-square tests were used to compare proportions. The Fisher exact test was used to compare proportions for race/ethnicity.