Table 3.
Bivariate analysis showing differences in choice of smoke-free policies by sociodemographic and smoking-related characteristics
| Variables | Smoke-free policy options, χ2 and p value | |||||
| Smoke-free building policy (n=262) | Smoke-free common area policy (n=165) | Smoke-free unit policy (n=118) | Do not know (n=39) | χ2* | P value | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 87 (43.5) | 41 (20.5) | 64 (32.0) | 8 (4.0) | 30.806 | <0.001 |
| Male | 175 (45.3) | 124 (32.1) | 54 (14.1) | 31 (8.1) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–39 | 118 (46.5) | 66 (26.0) | 53 (20.9) | 17 (6.7) | 3.744 | 0.711 |
| 40–59 | 112 (42.9) | 76 (29.1) | 53 (20.3) | 20 (7.7) | ||
| ≥60 | 32 (46.4) | 23 (33.3) | 12 (17.4) | 2 (2.9) | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 45 (51.1) | 24 (27.3) | 14 (15.9) | 5 (5.7) | 2.045 | 0.563 |
| Ever married | 217 (43.8) | 141 (28.4) | 104 (21.0) | 34 (6.9) | ||
| Education | ||||||
| Primary | 3 (42.9) | 3 (42.9) | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.469† | |
| Secondary | 17 (54.8) | 9 (29.0) | 4 (12.9) | 1 (3.2) | ||
| Higher secondary | 83 (44.9) | 61 (33.0) | 32 (17.3) | 9 (4.9) | ||
| Bachelor’s degree or more | 159 (44.0) | 92 (25.5) | 81 (22.4) | 29 (8.0) | ||
| Occupation | ||||||
| Job holder | 112 (43.1) | 77 (29.6) | 45 (17.3) | 26 (10.0) | 31.202 | 0.002 |
| Business | 37 (41.1) | 37 (41.1) | 11 (12.2) | 5 (5.6) | ||
| Student | 31 (53.4) | 13 (22.4) | 11 (19.0) | 3 (5.2) | ||
| Retired | 25 (45.5) | 15 (27.3) | 14 (25.5) | 1 (1.8) | ||
| Housewife | 57 (47.1) | 23 (19.0) | 37 (30.6) | 4 (3.3) | ||
| Religion | ||||||
| Muslim | 235 (44.2) | 152 (28.6) | 108 (20.3) | 37 (7.0) | 0.272† | |
| Hindu | 27 (54.0) | 13 (26.0) | 8 (16.0) | 2 (4.0) | ||
| Buddhist | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Monthly family income (Bangladeshi taka) | ||||||
| <50 000 | 96 (47.1) | 57 (28.1) | 42 (20.7) | 8 (3.9) | 6.615 | 0.358 |
| 50 000–99 000 | 109 (41.9) | 72 (27.7) | 55 (21.2) | 24 (9.2) | ||
| ≥100 000 | 57 (46.7) | 36 (29.8) | 21 (17.4) | 7 (5.8) | ||
| Children | ||||||
| Yes | 168 (45.3) | 90 (24.3) | 83 (22.4) | 30 (8.1) | 11.168 | 0.011 |
| No | 94 (44.1) | 75 (35.2) | 35 (16.4) | 9 (4.2) | ||
| Length of daily stay at home (hours) | ||||||
| ≤12 | 147 (53.3) | 54 (19.6) | 64 (23.2) | 11 (4.0) | 30.194 | <0.001 |
| >12 | 115 (37.3) | 111 (36.0) | 54 (17.5) | 28 (9.1) | ||
| Type of housing complex | ||||||
| Government | 64 (46.0) | 32 (23.0) | 35 (25.2) | 8 (5.8) | 4.290 | 0.232 |
| Private | 198 (44.5) | 133 (29.9) | 83 (18.7) | 31 (6.9) | ||
| Flat ownership | ||||||
| Owned | 109 (44.7) | 71 (29.1) | 48 (19.7) | 16 (6.6) | 0.177 | 0.981 |
| Rented | 153 (45.0) | 94 (27.6) | 70 (20.6) | 23 (6.8) | ||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 227 (46.9) | 125 (25.8) | 105 (21.7) | 27 (5.6) | 16.727 | 0.001 |
| Smoker | 35 (35.0) | 40 (40.0) | 13 (13.0) | 12 (12.0) | ||
| Smoking by family members | ||||||
| Yes | 73 (57.5) | 28 (22.0) | 21 (16.5) | 5 (3.9) | 10.879 | 0.012 |
| No | 189 (41.4) | 137 (30.0) | 97 (21.2) | 34 (7.4) | ||
| Place of residence (city) | ||||||
| Dhaka | 100 (49.8) | 52 (25.9) | 40 (19.9) | 9 (4.5) | 25.943 | 0.101 |
| Chattogram | 27 (42.2) | 20 (31.3) | 13 (20.3) | 4 (6.3) | ||
| Rajshahi | 30 (46.2) | 16 (24.6) | 14 (21.5) | 5 (7.7) | ||
| Khulna | 24 (36.9) | 25 (38.5) | 12 (18.5) | 4 (6.2) | ||
| Sylhet | 24 (38.1) | 28 (44.4) | 6 (9.5) | 5 (7.9) | ||
| Barishal | 27 (41.5) | 14 (21.5) | 17 (26.2) | 7 (10.8) | ||
| Rangpur | 30 (49.2) | 10 (16.4) | 16 (26.2) | 5 (8.2) | ||
Bold values indicate significant results.
*Pearson’s χ2.
†P value based on Fisher’s exact test.