Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Populations
| Overall | RRMS | PPMS | |||||||
| LOMS (N = 1,028) | AOMS (N = 7,711) | p Value | LOMS (N = 753) | AOMS (N = 7,283) | p Value | LOMS (N = 254) | AOMS (N = 344) | p Value | |
| Age at onset, median (IQR) | 54.0 (52.0–58.0) | 32.0 (26.0–39.0) | <0.001a | 54.0 (51.0–57.0) | 32.0 (26.0–39.0) | <0.001a | 55.0 (52.0–59.0) | 42.0 (35.0–46.0) | <0.001a |
| Age at diagnosis, median (IQR) | 56.0 (53.0–60.0) | 34.0 (28.0–41.0) | <0.001a | 55.0 (53.0–59.0) | 33.0 (27.0–41.0) | <0.001a | 58.0 (55.0–62.0) | 45.0 (38.0–49.0) | <0.001a |
| Diagnostic delay, years median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | <0.001a | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 0.2a | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 0.037a |
| Follow-up duration, years median (IQR) | 11.5 (7.7–15.7) | 11.9 (8.0–16.3) | 0.042a | 11.0 (7.2–15.5) | 11.8 (7.8–16.2) | 0.004a | 12.0 (8.8–16.5) | 13.8 (10.5–17.4) | 0.004a |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.048b | 0.3b | 0.041b | ||||||
| Female | 675 (65.7) | 5,298 (68.7) | 509 (67.6) | 5,063 (69.5) | 147 (57.9) | 174 (50.6) | |||
| Male | 353 (34.3) | 2,412 (31.3) | 244 (32.4) | 2,219 (30.5) | 107 (42.1) | 170 (49.4) | |||
| Initial disease course, n (%) | <0.001b | — | — | ||||||
| RRMS | 753 (74.8) | 7,283 (95.5) | 753 (100.0) | 7,283 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | |||
| PPMS | 254 (25.2) | 344 (4.5) | 0 | 0 | 254 (100.0) | 344 (100.0) | |||
| Total EDSS scores, median (IQR) | 6.0 (3.0–9.0) | 8.0 (5.0–11.0) | <0.001a | 6.0 (4.0–9.0) | 8.0 (5.0–12.0) | <0.001a | 5.0 (3.0–7.8) | 6.0 (3.0–9.0) | <0.001a |
| EDSS at diagnosis, median (IQR) | 2.5 (1.5–3.5) | 1.5 (1.0–2.5) | <0.001a | 2.0 (1.0–3.0) | 1.5 (1.0–2.5) | <0.001a | 3.5 (2.5–5.0) | 3.0 (2.5–4.5) | 0.036a |
| DMT exposure, n (%) | <0.001b | <0.001b | <0.001b | ||||||
| None | 260 (25.3) | 336 (4.4) | 96 (12.7) | 209 (2.9) | 153 (60.2) | 103 (29.9) | |||
| Modest | 297 (28.9) | 1,704 (22.1) | 273 (36.3) | 1,633 (22.4) | 18 (7.1) | 41 (11.9) | |||
| High | 257 (25.0) | 2,014 (26.1) | 181 (24.0) | 1,863 (25.6) | 74 (29.1) | 144 (41.9) | |||
| Both | 214 (20.8) | 3,657 (47.4) | 203 (27.0) | 3,578 (49.1) | 9 (3.5) | 56 (16.3) | |||
Abbreviations: AOMS = adult-onset multiple sclerosis; DMT = disease-modifying therapy; EDSS = Expanded Disability Status Scale; IQR = interquartile range; LOMS = late-onset multiple sclerosis; PPMS = primary progressive multiple sclerosis; RRMS = relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Modest (efficacy) DMT: interferon beta-1a, interferon beta-1b, pegylated interferon beta-1a, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, and teriflunomide.
High (efficacy) DMT: rituximab, ocrelizumab, natalizumab, alemtuzumab, fingolimod, cladribine, daclizumab, and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
a
Wilcoxon rank sum test.
b
Chi-square test.