TABLE 2.
Agreement and test characteristics of pneumonia symptoms (134 subjects) and examination findings (129 subjects) present on chart review compared to a criterion standard.
| Patient or physician survey positivea | ED chart review positivea | Agreementa | Present by patient or physician survey, absent on chart reviewa | Present on chart review, absent by patient or physician survey | k (95% CI) | Sensitivity of chart reviewb | Specificity of chart reviewb | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | ||||||||||||
| Confusion (n = 133c) | 42 (31.6) | 23 (17.3) | 108 (80.6) | 22 (16.5) | 3(2.3) | 0.51 | (0.35–0.66) | 47.6 | (32.0–63.6) | 96.7 | (90.7–99.3) | |
| Malaise | 94 (70.2) | 48 (35.8) | 64 (47.8) | 58 (43.3) | 12 (9.0) | 0.06 | (−0.07–0.19) | 38.3 | (28.5–48.9) | 70.0 | (53.5–83.4) | |
| Rapid breathing | 64 (47.8) | 26 (19.4) | 76 (56.7) | 48 (35.8) | 10 (7.5) | 0.11 | (−0.03–0.25) | 25.0 | (15.0–37.4) | 85.7 | (75.3–92.9) | |
| Any cough | 65 (48.5) | 54 (40.3) | 85 (63.4) | 30 (22.4) | 19 (14.2) | 0.26 | (0.10–0.43) | 53.8 | (41.0–66.3) | 72.5 | (60.4–82.5) | |
| New/worse cough | 46 (34.3) | 54 (40.3) | 86 (64.2) | 20 (14.9) | 28 (20.9) | 0.24 | (0.07–0.40) | 56.5 | (41.1–71.1) | 68.2 | (57.4–77.7) | |
| Any sputum production | 46 (34.3) | 16 (11.9) | 100 (74.6) | 32 (23.9) | 2 (1.5) | 0.33 | (0.18–0.49) | 30.4 | (17.7–45.8) | 97.7 | (92.0–99.7) | |
| Change to sputum | 29 (21.6) | 16 (11.9) | 105 (78.4) | 21 (15.7) | 8 (6.0) | 0.24 | (0.04–0.43) | 27.6 | (12.7–47.2) | 92.4 | (85.5–96.7) | |
| Exam | ||||||||||||
| Rales | 20 (15.5) | 15 (11.6) | 112 (83.5) | 11 (8.5) | 6 (4.7) | 0.44 | (0.22–0.66) | 60.0 | (32.3–83.7) | 90.4 | (83.4–95.1) | |
| Rhonchi | 20 (15.5) | 7 (5.4) | 110 (82.1) | 16 (12.4) | 3(2.3) | 0.24 | (0.01–0.46) | 57.1 | (18.4–90.1) | 86.9 | (79.6–92.3) | |
| Wheeze | 20 (15.5) | 24 (18.6) | 115 (85.8) | 5 (3.9) | 9 (7.0) | 0.62 | (0.44–0.80) | 62.5 | (40.6–81.2) | 95.2 | (89.2–98.4) | |
a
Data are reported as n (%).
b
Data are reported as % (95% CI).
c
One legally authorized representative did not know if the patient had been experiencing confusion.