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. 2023 Dec 30;14(4):100931. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.021

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Dynamic loss of renal function and histopathological injuries after six-week cationic bovine serum albumin (c-BSA) challenge between sham and immune-complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) rats. (A) Changes in renal function after two weeks of c-BSA administration between sham and ICGN rats. (B) Glomerular and interstitial injuries by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and IgG deposition in glomeruli by immunofluorescence after two weeks of c-BSA administration between sham and ICGN rats. (C) Renal function improved after the continuous oral administration of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and losartan for four weeks. (D) Glomerular and interstitial impairment by HE staining, cortex fibrosis by Masson staining, and IgG deposition in glomeruli by immunofluorescence after the continuous oral administration of MMF and losartan for four weeks, and their quantitation analysis. The black arrow indicates enlarged glomeruli (hypertrophy), the blue arrow indicates the protein cast, and the red arrow indicates fibrosis. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001 by analysis of variance (ANOVA) (n = 10). UACR: urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio; TG: triglyceride; BUN: blood urine nitrogen; Scr: serum creatinine; sNGAL: serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.