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. 2024 Apr 22;15:3340. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47093-y

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — A Typical spatial expression of patterning genes in the blastema of control (hoxc12^+/+), hoxc12KO (hoxc12^−/−), and hoxc13KO (hoxc13^−/−) individuals at 4 dpa. B Statistics for the phenotypes in blastema morphology and gene expression for control (hoxc12^+/+), hoxc12KO (hoxc12^−/−), and hoxc13KO (hoxc13^−/−) individuals. Biologically independent samples were used. N: normal; M: mild; S: severe. C Principal component analysis. D Comparative analysis of transcriptome data for typical patterning genes that function during limb development. E Effects of hoxc12/c13 knockout on cell proliferation in the prospective autopod region. Ctrl: hoxc12^+/−. Box-plot elements: center line, median; box limits, upper and lower quartiles; whiskers, max/min. Statistical test (Student’s t-test, two-sided): *p = 2.44 × 10⁻⁵; **p = 2.43 × 10⁻⁶; ***p = 0.037; ****p = 2.81 × 10⁻⁴, *****p = 7.64 × 10⁻⁶. All data were obtained from biologically independent samples: n = 9 (Ctrl); n = 12 (c12KO, normal); n = 10 (c13KO, normal); n = 7 (c12KO, severe); n = 7 (c13KO, severe). F Summary of phenotypes. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.