Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of included studies.
| N% | |
|---|---|
| Region | |
| East Asia and Pacific | 1 (2.4) |
| Western Europe | 3 (7.1) |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 2 (4.8) |
| Middle East and North Africa | 2 (4.8) |
| North America | 11 (26.2) |
| South Asia | 4 (9.5) |
| Eastern and Southern Africa | 12 (28.6) |
| West and Central Africa | 6 (14.3) |
| Australia/Oceania | 1 (2.4) |
| Audience | |
| Adults | 23 (54.8) |
| Children/youth | 5 (11.9) |
| Healthcare workers | 2 (4.8) |
| Racial/ethnic minorities | 8 (19.1) |
| Other | 4 (9.5) |
| Genders | |
| Men and women | 27 (64.3) |
| Women only | 9 (21.4) |
| Men only | 1 (2.4) |
| Adolescents or children | 5 (11.9) |
| Other (non-binary, transgender, etc.) | 1 (2.4) |
| Health issue | |
| Sexual and reproductive health | 9 (21.4) |
| Maternal and child health | 9 (21.4) |
| Zoonotic disease | 9 (21.4) |
| Noncommunicable disease | 5 (11.9) |
| WASH | 2 (4.8) |
| Health systems | 4 (9.5) |
| Addiction | 2 (4.8) |
| Other | 2 (4.8) |
| Frameworks | |
| Participatory | 5 (11.9) |
| Behavior change | 7 (16.7) |
| Network/support | 3 (7.1) |
| Cross-cutting | 1 (2.4) |
| None | 27 (64.3) |
| Communication channels | |
| Interpersonal communication | 19 (45.2) |
| Community media/information sessions | 18 (42.9) |
| Print media (posters, flyers, books, etc.) | 14 (33.3) |
| Broadcast media (radio, television, etc.) | 10 (23.8) |
| Interactive communication technologies | 10 (23.8) |
| Level of community engagement | |
| Community-oriented | 19 (45.2) |
| Community-based | 12 (28.6) |
| Community-managed | 8 (19.1) |
| Community-owned | 3 (7.1) |
| Evaluation methods | |
| Quantitative (surveys, questionnaires, etc.) | 25 (59.5) |
| Qualitative (interviews, focus groups, etc.) | 24 (57.1) |
| Observation/physical measurement | 12 (28.6) |
| Purpose of evaluation | |
| Impact/effectiveness | 27 (64.3) |
| Formative | 9 (21.4) |
| Process | 18 (42.9) |
| Total | 42 (100.0) |
More than one gender, framework, communication channel, or evaluation method could be used in each intervention, so the rows in these categories are not mutually exclusive.