Table 3.
Multivariate Cox model for the rate of invasive mechanical ventilation and in-hospital mortality
| Unadjusted model | Adjusted by CT score | Adjusted by the presence of at least one co-morbidity | Adjusted by SpO2/FiO2 | Adjusted by CT score, presence of at least one co-morbidity and SpO2/FiO2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Invasive mechanical ventilation rate | |||||
| COT | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| NIV | 2.05 (1.25–3.37) | 1.37 (0.72–2.59) | 1.96 (1.19-3.22) | 1.44 (0.85-2.43) | 0.97 (0.50–1.88) |
| HFNO | 1.64 (0.74–3.65) | 1.71 (0.75–3.88) | 1.56 (0.70-3.47) | 1.09 (0.49-2.44) | 1.08 (0.47–2.47) |
| NIV+HFNO | 3.60 (2.46–5.27) | 3.26 (2.12–5.02) | 3.44 (2.35-5.03) | 2.07 (1.35-3.19) | 1.88 (1.17–3.04) |
| In-hospital mortality | |||||
| COT | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |
| NIV | 1.82 (1.08–3.07) | 1.29 (0.63–2.63) | 1.80 (1.06-3.04) | 1.90 (1.10-3.27) | 1.25 (0.60–2.59) |
| HFNO | 0.75 (0.29–1.89) | 0.68 (0.24–1.93) | 0.74 (0.29-1.88) | 0.71 (0.28-1.80) | 0.59 (0.20–1.70) |
| NIV+HFNO | 1.53 (1.01–2.33) | 1.51 (0.94–2.44) | 1.54 (1.02-2.34) | 1.48 (0.91-2.40) | 1.53 (0.88-2.67) |
Values are hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals)
CT computed tomography, COT conventional oxygen therapy, NIV non-invasive ventilation, HFNO high-flow nasal oxygen